Isingeniso
Esinqumweni sakamuva seNkantolo Yombuso, Safarian v Canada (MCI), 2023 FC 775, iNkantolo Yombuso inselele ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezitatimende ze-boilerplate noma ezinempandla futhi yahlola ukunqatshelwa kwemvume yokufunda kuMfakisicelo, uMnu. Safarian. Lesi sinqumo sikhanyisela izidingo zokwenza izinqumo eziphusile yizikhulu zama-visa, sagqamisa ukubaluleka kokuhlinzeka ngezincazelo eziphusile uma kucatshangelwa umongo wesicelo, futhi saphinda sagcizelela ukuthi akulungile ukuthi uMeluleki omele umenzi wesinqumo azenzele ezakhe izizathu. ukugcizelela isinqumo.
Uhlaka Lokubuyekezwa Kwezobulungiswa Lokunqatshelwa Kwezimvume Zokufunda
Uhlaka lokubuyekezwa kwezomthetho lokwenqatshwa kwezimvume zokufunda lungatholakala esinqumweni esiyingqophamlando se I-Canada (MCI) v Vavilov, 2019 SCC 65, e Vavilov, iNkantolo Ephakeme yaseCanada inqume ukuthi izinga lokubuyekezwa kokubuyekezwa kokwahlulela kwesinqumo sokuphatha lizoba “ukulunga” emibuzweni yomthetho, okuhlanganisa imibuzo yokungakhethi cala kwenqubo kanye naleyo ephathelene nobubanzi begunya lomenzi wezinqumo, kanye “nokufaneleka kokwenza izinqumo. iphutha elizwakalayo neleqayo leqiniso noma iqiniso elixubile nomthetho. Isinqumo kufanele sibe nezimpawu zokucabangela - ukuthethelelwa, ukubeka izinto obala, nokuqondakala - futhi sisekelwe ochungechungeni lokuhlaziya olunobumbene noluphusile oluvumelana namaqiniso nomthetho ovimbela umenzi wezinqumo.
In Safarian, UMnu. Justice Sébastien Grammond ugcizelele imfuneko yencazelo ephusile kanye nokusabela eziphakamisweni zezinhlangothi ezivela kumphathi we-visa obuyekezayo futhi wakhumbuza ukuthi akuvumelekile ukuthi Umeluleki ophendulayo aqinise isinqumo sesikhulu se-visa. Isinqumo nezizathu zaso kumele zizimele noma ziwele zodwa.
Izitatimende ze-Boilerplate ezinganele
UMnu. Safarian, isakhamuzi sase-Iran, wayefake isicelo sokwenza i-Master of Business Administration (“MBA”) e-University Canada West, e-Vancouver, e-British Columbia. Isikhulu sama-visa asizange sigculiseke ngokuthi uhlelo lokufunda lukaMnu. Safarian lwalunengqondo ngoba ngaphambili wayephishekele izifundo emkhakheni ongahlobene futhi nencwadi yokuqashwa enikeziwe ayizange iqinisekise ukukhushulwa komholo.
Odabeni lukaMnu. Safrian, isikhulu se-visa sinikeze amanothi e-Global Case Management System (“GCMS”) amanothi, noma izizathu, ezihlanganisa kakhulu izitatimende ze-boilerplate noma ezinempandla ezikhiqizwe isofthiwe esetshenziswa i-Immigration, Refugee and Citizenship Canada (“IRCC”) kanye ne-Canada Border Services Agency (“CBSA”) lapho kuhlolwa izicelo zezimvume zokufunda. Ukuthembela kakhulu ezitatimendeni ze-boilerplate kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi isikhulu se-visa sihlulekile ukuhlaziya noma ukubuyekeza Isicelo sikaMnu. Safrian ngokucabangela amaqiniso kanye nezimo zakhe siqu.
UJustice Grammond ugqamisa umbono weNkantolo wokuthi ukusebenzisa izitatimende ezinempandla noma eziwuphawu akuphikiseki ngokwakho, kodwa futhi alibakhululi abathatha izinqumo ekucabangeleni amaqiniso ecala ngalinye futhi bachaze ukuthi kungani umenzi wesinqumo afinyelele esiphethweni esithile futhi kungani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqiniso lokuthi ukusetshenziswa komusho othile noma isitatimende se-boilerplate kuthathwe njengokunengqondo esinqumweni sangaphambilini seNkantolo Yombuso, akusigomi isitatimende esinjalo ekubuyekezweni ezimweni ezilandelayo. Ngokuphelele, iNkantolo kufanele ikwazi ukunquma Kanjani isikhulu sifinyelele esiphethweni saso ngokusekelwe kumanothi e-GCMS anikeziwe, adinga isidingo sokuthethelelwa, ukubeka izinto obala, nokuqondakala ngezizathu zesikhulu.
Isinqumo Sesikhulu Santula Ukuxhumana Okuphusile
Isikhulu sanikeza izizathu eziqondile zokwenqaba imvume yokufunda kaMnu. Safarian, eyayigxile ekungeneleleni kohlelo lokufunda lukaMnu. Safarian uma kubhekwa ulwazi lwakhe lokuqashwa kanye nomlando wemfundo. Isikhulu saphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi izifundo ezihlongozwayo eCanada zazingenangqondo ngenxa yokuthi izifundo zangaphambili zoMfakisicelo zazisemkhakheni ongahlobene. Lesi sikhulu saphinde saphikisana nencwadi yokuqashwa yoMfakisicelo ngoba ayizange isho ngokusobala ukuthi uMnu. Safarian uzonyuselwa umholo lapho eqeda uhlelo lokufunda futhi ebuyela emsebenzini e-Iran.
UJustice Grammond uthole ukuthi izizathu zalesi sikhulu zazingenangqondo futhi wathi kuyinto evamile ukuba abantu baphishekele i-MBA ngemva kokuphothula iziqu zangaphambili emkhakheni ohlukile wokufunda nokuthola ulwazi lomsebenzi, esho. I-Ahadi v Canada (MCI), 2023 FC 25. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzimisela kukaJustice Grammond kusekela lokho kwe uMhlonishwa uMam Justice Furlanetto, owagcizelela ukuthi akusiyo indima yesikhulu se-visa ukusebenza njengomeluleki wemisebenzi noma ukunquma ukuthi izifundo ezihlosiwe zomfakisicelo wemvume yokufunda zizothuthukisa yini umsebenzi wakhe noma ziholele ekukhushulweni kwemisebenzi noma ekukhushulweni kweholo. [I-Monteza v Canada (MCI), 2022 FC 530 esigabeni 19-20]
INkantolo iphinde yathola ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko saleli phoyisa sokuphika sasingenalo ukuxhumana okuphusile. UJustice Grammond ugcizelele ukuthi akunangqondo ukuthi isikhulu esibuyekezayo sifanise iminyaka kaMnu. Safarian esebenza endaweni efanayo nobuqotho bohlelo lwakhe lokufunda. Ukukhohlisa kwesikhulu noma ukucabanga ukuthi ukuthola umsebenzi kwenza ukuqhubeka nokufunda kungadingeki kwakungacabangeli ngenxa yobufakazi obunikezwe esicelweni sikaMnu. Safarian, okuhlanganisa nohlelo lwakhe lokufunda kanye nezincwadi zokuqashwa.
Ukuqinisa Isinqumo Sesikhulu Esibuyekezayo
Ekulalelweni kokubuyekezwa kokwahlulela kwesicelo sikaMnu. Safarian, uMeluleki kaNgqongqoshe wadonsela ukunaka kweNkantolo emisebenzini ebhalwe encwadini kaMnu. Safarian kanye nezibopho zesikhundla “esibaluliwe” encwadini yokuqashwa. UJustice Grammond uthole ukucatshangelwa koMeluleki Ophendulayo kungaqondakali futhi yagqamisa umbono weNkantolo wokuthi ukucatshangelwa okungadalulwanga akukwazi ukuqinisa isinqumo sesikhulu.
Umthetho ucacile ukuthi isinqumo nezizathu zaso kumele zizimele noma ziwele ngokwaso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kuphawulwe nguMhlonishwa uJaji Zinn ecaleni lika Torkestani, akulungile ukuthi umeluleki omele lowo othatha izinqumo enze ezabo izizathu zokugcizelela isinqumo. Ummangalelwa, ongeyena umenzi wesinqumo, uzame ukunxephezela noma ukucacisa ukushiyeka kwezizathu zesiphathimandla esibuyekezayo, okungafanele futhi okungavumelekile.
Inkokhelo Yokunqunywa Kabusha
Kwaba umbono weNkantolo ukuthi isikhulu sihlulekile ukunikeza izizathu eziqondile zokuphetha ngokuthi izifundo ezihlongozwayo zazingenangqondo, uma kubhekwa izinzuzo ezisobala i-MBA evela enyuvesi ezweni laseNtshonalanga enganikeza uMnu. Safarian. Ngakho-ke, iNkantolo yanquma ukuvumela isicelo sokubuyekezwa kwezobulungiswa futhi idlulisele udaba kwesinye isikhulu sama-visa esihlukile ukuze sinqunywe kabusha.
Isiphetho: I-Boilerplate noma Izitatimende Zempandla Kufanele Zigwenywe
The Safarian v Canada Isinqumo seNkantolo Yombuso sicacisa ukubaluleka kokuthatha izinqumo ezifanele kanye nokuhlolwa okufanele ekwenqatshelweni kwezimvume zokufunda. Igcizelela isidingo sokuthi izikhulu zama-visa zinikeze izincazelo eziphusile, zicabangele umongo namaqiniso wendaba ngayinye, futhi zigweme ukuthembela ngokweqile ezitatimendeni ze-boilerplate noma ezinempandla. Isinqumo, kuleli cala, sisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuthi abafake izicelo kufanele bahlolwe ngokufaneleka kwabo ngabanye, izinqumo kufanele zisekelwe ezizathwini ezicacile neziphusile, futhi uMeluleki ophendulayo akufanele akhulumele umenzi wesinqumo, athembele ezitatimendeni ezingacacile, noma aguqule indlela abazizwa ngayo. izizathu zakhe zokugcizelela isinqumo.
Sicela uqaphele: Le bhulogi ayihloselwe ukuba kwabelwane ngayo njengeseluleko sezomthetho. Uma ufisa ukukhuluma noma ukuhlangana nomunye wochwepheshe bethu bezomthetho, sicela ubhukhe ukubonisana lapha!
Ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngezinqumo ze-Pax Law Court eNkantolo Yombuso, ungenza kanjalo ne-Canadian Legal Information Institute ngokuchofoza lapha.
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