Kutheni sifuna uMyolelo ngo-BC

Khusela Abantu Obathandayo

Ukulungiselela umyolelo wakho yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo oza kuzenza ngexesha lokuphila kwakho, uchaza iminqweno yakho xa uthe wasweleka. Ikhokela usapho lwakho kunye nabo ubathandayo ekuphatheni ilifa lakho kwaye ikunika uxolo lwengqondo lokuba abo ubathandayo bayakhathalelwa.

Ukubhala umyolelo kuyiphendula yonke imibuzo ebalulekileyo njengomzali, enjengokuthi ngubani oya kukhulisa abantwana bakho ukuba wena neqabane lakho niyafa. Umyolelo wakho ukwayeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba abanye abantu, imibutho yesisa kunye nemibutho oyixabisileyo ifumana inzuzo yelifa lakho. Okumangalisayo kukuba, abaninzi baseBritish Columbians abakhange banakekele ukulungiselela umyolelo wabo wokugqibela kunye netestamente, nangona ngokuqhelekileyo kulula kunokuba becinga.

Ngokutsho BC IiNotari uphando olwenziwe ngo-2018, kuphela i-44% yabase-British Columbians abasayiniweyo, abasemthethweni ngokusemthethweni kunye nentando yangoku. I-80% yabantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 nama-34 abanawo umyolelo osebenzayo. Ukukhuthaza uluntu lwaseBC ukuba lubhale umyolelo walo, okanye uzise umyolelo osele ukho wakutshanje, urhulumente waseBC uqalise iMake-a-Will-Veki ngo-Okthobha wesi-3 ukuya ku-9 ka-Okthobha, ngo-2021, ukubakhuthaza ukuba badlule kwiimvakalelo zokungakhululeki okanye ukuphazamiseka.

Yintoni eyenza umyolelo osemthethweni ngo-BC?

Iimfuno ezintathu kufuneka zifezekiswe ukuze umyolelo uthathwe njengesemthethweni eBritish Columbia:

1. Mayibhalwe phantsi;
2. Kufuneka isayinwe ekugqibeleni, kwaye;
3. Kufuneka kungqinwe ngokufanelekileyo.

NgoMatshi ka-2014, iBritish Colombia yenza iWill, Estates and Succession Act, WESA, umthetho omtsha olawula imiyolelo namafa. Olunye lolona tshintsho lubalulekileyo lwaziswa kumthetho omtsha yinto ebizwa ngokuba lilungiselelo lonyango. Ulungiselelo lonyango luthetha ukuba kwiimeko apho umyolelo ungazanelisi ngokupheleleyo iimfuno ezisesikweni, iinkundla ngoku “zinokunyanga” iintsilelo kumyolelo owaphukileyo kwaye ziwuvakalise ngokusemthethweni umyolelo. I-WESA ikwanika iNkundla ePhakamileyo ka-BC imvume yokumisela ukuba umyolelo ongagqitywanga unokusebenza na.

Njengomhlali waseBC, kufuneka usayine umyolelo wakho ngokungqinelana ne Umthetho weBritish Columbia Wills. UMthetho wemiyolelo umisela ukuba amangqina amabini kufuneka abone utyikityo lwakho kwiphepha lokugqibela lomyolelo wakho. Amangqina akho kufuneka atyikitye iphepha lokugqibela emva kwakho. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-inki emanzi kwafuneka isetyenziswe ukusayina itestamente kwaye ikopi ebonakalayo kufuneka igcinwe.

Lo bhubhani wenze ukuba iphondo litshintshe imithetho ejikeleze utyikityo, ukuze abasebenzisi ngoku babe nentlanganiso ebonakalayo kunye namangqina kwaye batyikitye amaxwebhu abo kwi-Intanethi. Ngo-Agasti ka-2020, umthetho omtsha waziswa ukuvumela abantu abakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuba basebenzise itekhnoloji ukungqina umyolelo bekude, kwaye ukusukela nge-1 kaDisemba 2021 iinguqu zikwanike umyolelo we-elektroniki ukuqondwa okufanayo kunye nokuthanda ngokomzimba. I-BC yaba ligunya lokuqala eCanada ukutshintsha imithetho yayo ukuvumela ukufakwa kwi-intanethi.

Zonke iifomathi ze-elektroniki zamkelekile ngoku, kodwa abantu baseBritish Columbians bakhuthazwa ngamandla ukuba bagcine imiyolelo yabo kwifomathi yePDF, ukwenza inkqubo yokulingwa ibe lula kangangoko kunokwenzeka kumabi.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa usweleka ngaphandle kokushiya umyolelo?

Ukuba usweleke ungenawo umyolelo owenziwe ngurhulumente wephondo uya kukuthatha njengosweleke ungenatyala. Ukuba usweleke ungenatyala, iinkundla ziya kusebenzisa iBC UMthetho wemiyolelo, amafa kunye nolandelelwano ukwenza isigqibo ngendlela yokwaba izinto zakho kunye nokulungisa imicimbi yakho. Baza kumisela umabi-mafa kunye nomgcini wabo nawuphi na umntwana omncinane. Ngokukhetha ukungalisebenzisi ilungelo lakho laseKhanada kumyolelo ngelixa usaphila, uye waphulukana nolawulo kwiminqweno yakho xa ungasekho ukuza kuqhanqalaza.

NgokoMthetho weWills, Estates and Succession Act, ulungelelwaniso lolwabiwo ludla ngokulandela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ukuba uneqabane kodwa ungenabantwana, ilifa lakho lonke liya kwiqabane lakho.
• Ukuba uneqabane kunye nomntwana ongowelo qabane, iqabane lakho liya kufumana i-300,000 yokuqala yeedola. Intsalela yahlulwe ngokulinganayo phakathi kweqabane nabantwana.
• Ukuba uneqabane kunye nabantwana, kwaye abo bantwana ayingabo abeqabane lakho, iqabane lakho lifumana i-150,000 yokuqala yeedola. Intsalela yahlulwe ngokulinganayo phakathi kweqabane kunye nabantwana bakho.
• Ukuba akunabantwana okanye iqabane, ilifa lakho lahlulwe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwabazali bakho. Ukuba mnye kuphela ophilayo, loo mzali ufumana ilifa lakho lonke.
• Ukuba akunabazali abasaphilayo, abantakwenu baya kufumana ilifa lakho. Ukuba nabo abasindanga, abantwana babo (abatshana bakho kunye nabatshana bakho) ngamnye ufumana isabelo sakhe.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba amaqabane omthetho oqhelekileyo, abanye abantu ababalulekileyo, abanye abantu esibathandayo kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya azisoloko zichazwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwimithetho yephondo. Ukuba uneminqweno ethile ephathelele kwabo ubakhathalele kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuba ukwenza umyolelo kube yinto ephambili.

Ngaba kukho ukunyuswa kokungonwabi kunye nokuphazamiseka kum?

Lo ngumba wokubhala umyolelo ophoswa ngabantu abaninzi. Kusenokuba nzima ngokwenene ukubekela bucala iiyure ezimbalwa ukuze wamkele ukufa komntu nokwenza izicwangciso zezindlu ngokufanelekileyo. Ukubhala umyolelo yinto yabantu abadala.

Uninzi lwabantu luchaza imvakalelo yokukhululeka kunye nenkululeko emva kokuba izinto ezishiywe zingenziwanga ekugqibeleni zikhathalelwe. Ithelekiswe nesiqabu esihamba nokucoca kunye nokulungiswa kwigaraji okanye uphahla - emva kokuyibeka iminyaka - okanye ekugqibeleni kwenziwe umsebenzi ofunekayo wamazinyo. Ukwazi ukuba abantu esibathandayo nezinye izinto ziya kusingathwa ngendlela efanelekileyo kunokukhulula, yaye ukuphakamisa loo mthwalo kunokwenza ubani aphile ubomi obunenjongo.

Ngaba ndifuna igqwetha okanye ummeli woluntu ukuze ndibhale umyolelo osemthethweni?

Impendulo elula nguhayi, awufuni igqwetha ukwenza umyolelo olula kwaye ubhale amandla akho ahlala esemthethweni egqwetha okanye izivumelwano zommeli kwi-Intanethi. Umyolelo wakho awudingi kwaziswa ngo-BC ukuze ube semthethweni. I-afidavithi yokubulawa kuya kufuneka ibhalwe phantsi. Nangona kunjalo, i-afidavithi eqinisekisiweyo yokubulawa ayifuneki kwi-BC ukuba intando yakho ifuna ukudlula kwi-probate.

Into eyenza umyolelo wakho ube semthethweni asiyondlela owenze ngayo, kodwa kukuba uwutyikitye ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ungqinwe. Kukho iitemplates zokuzalisa-kwi-engenanto kwi-intanethi ongayisebenzisa ukwenza umyolelo okhawulezayo ongaphantsi kwe-100 yeedola. IBritish Columbia okwangoku ayiqapheli imiyolelo ebhalwe ngesandla yeholographic eyenziwe ngaphandle kwezixhobo zoomatshini okanye amangqina. Ukuba ubhala ngesandla umyolelo wakho ngo-BC, kufuneka ulandele inkqubo eyamkelweyo yokungqina ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko luxwebhu olubophelelayo ngokusemthethweni.

Kutheni le nto kufuneka ndicinge ukuba negqwetha libhale umyolelo wam?

“Umhlaba ocetywe ngobuchule unokuphelisa okanye unciphise uxinzelelo, irhafu nongquzulwano kwabo babathandayo. Siyazi ukuba ukulungiswa ngokusemthethweni kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba iminqweno yakho iyafezekiswa ukuze kuxhamle usapho lwakho kunye nemibutho oyixhasayo. "
-UJennifer Chow, umongameli, iCanada Bar Association, iSebe le-BC

Nantsi imizekelo embalwa yeemeko ezinzima ezinokuthi zifune iingcebiso zengcali:

• Ukuba amagatya esithethe sakho awabhalwanga ngokucacileyo, oko kunokubangela ukuba indlalifa/iindlalifa zakho zichithe imali eninzi kwaye inokuba ngunobangela woxinzelelo olungafanelekanga.
• Ukuba ukhetha ukubhala umyolelo wakho ephepheni, kulula ukuba ilungu losapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakho awucele umngeni enkundleni.
• Ukuba awufuni i(aba)lingane bakho bafumane naliphi na ilifa lakho, kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kumyolelo kunye negqwetha lezindlu kuba iWESA ibandakanya nabo.
• Ukuba unqwenela ukukhetha njengabaxhamli bakho abantwana okanye abantu abadala abaneemfuno ezizodwa abafuna inkxaso yemali eqhubekayo, i-trust kufuneka isekwe koku kumyolelo wakho.
• Ukuba awufuni ukuba abantwana bakho babe ngabaxhamli abaphambili, kodwa abazukulwana bakho, umzekelo, kuya kufuneka ulungiselele ukuthembana kwabo.
• Ukuba ufuna umntwana osemncinane afumane intsalela yetrust fund xa efikelela kwiminyaka eli-19 ubudala, kodwa ufuna omnye umntu ongenguye umntu obhalwe phantsi ukuze abe ilifa olawula le trust fund; okanye ukuba unqwenela ukuchaza ukuba imali kufuneka isetyenziswe njani kwinzuzo yomxhamli phambi kokuba imali ikhutshwe.
• Ukuba ufuna ukunikela kwi-charity, kunokuba nzima ukuyibeka, ukubiza ngokufanelekileyo umbutho kwaye uqhagamshelane nabo ukwenza amalungiselelo. (Ukongezelela, usenokufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilifa lakho lifumana imbuyekezo yerhafu yesisa ukuze kuthotywe umyinge werhafu omele uyihlawule. Ayingawo onke amaqumrhu anokukhupha iirisithi zerhafu.)
• Ukuba uphakathi kuqhawulo-mtshato, okanye usokola kugcino lwabantwana emva kokwahlukana, oko kunokuchaphazela ilifa lakho.
• Ukuba unepropati nomntu wesithathu, njengomqeshi oqhelekileyo, umabi wesivumelwano sakho unokungena kwiingxaki zokugqithisela isabelo sakho sepropati, xa umabi wakho efuna ukuyithengisa.
• Ukuba unepropati yokuzonwabisa, ilifa lakho liya kuba nerhafu yenzuzo enkulu ekufeni kwakho.
• Ukuba uqhuba inkampani yakho okanye ungumnini-zabelo kwinkampani, umyolelo wakho kufuneka uqulathe ukubonakaliswa okuchanekileyo kweminqweno yakho yekamva lenkampani.
• Ufuna ukukhetha ukuba ngubani oza kukhathalela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya okanye ukuseka ingxowa-mali yesilwanyana kumyolelo wakho.

Omabini amagqwetha kunye nababhali beengxelo kuluntu banokulungiselela imiyolelo eBritish Columbia. Isizathu sokuba ucele igqwetha ukuba likucebise kukuba alinakukucebisa ngokwasemthethweni kuphela kodwa likwakhusela ilifa lakho enkundleni.

Igqwetha aliyi kukubonelela ngesikhokelo somthetho kuphela kodwa liya kuqinisekisa ukuba iminqweno yakho yokugqibela ayilungiswanga. Kwimeko apho iqabane lakho okanye umntwana wakho efuna ukwenza ibango lokutshintsha umyolelo, igqwetha nalo liya kumxhasa umabi wamafa omkhethileyo ngale nkqubo.

Amagqwetha ocwangciso lwezindlu nawo anokukunceda kwimibandela efana nerhafu yengeniso, abantwana abasebancinane xa uthe wasweleka ngaphambi kokuba babe mdala, i-inshorensi yezindlu nomhlaba, imitshato yesibini (nabantwana okanye ngaphandle kwayo) kunye nobudlelwane obuqhelekileyo.

Yintoni i-probate kwi-BC?

Iprobate yinkqubo yeenkundla zeBC ezamkela ngokusesikweni umyolelo wakho. Ayizizo zonke iindawo ezifuna ukudlula kwi-probate, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo yebhanki yakho okanye iziko lezemali zihlala zigqiba ukuba ngaba zifuna isibonelelo seprobate ngaphambi kokukhulula iimpahla zakho. Akukho ntlawulo yokulingwa kwi-BC ukuba ifa lakho lingaphantsi kwe-25,000 yeedola, kunye nomrhumo osicaba wamafa amakhulu kune-25,000 yeedola.

Ngaba intando yam inokucelwa umngeni ize ibhukuqwe?

Xa abantu belungiselela imiyolelo yabo ngo-BC, uninzi alucingi ukuba iindlalifa zabo, okanye abanye abantu abanokuba ngabaxhamli abakholelwa ukuba banezizathu ezisemthethweni, banokuqalisa idabi elisemthethweni lokuguqula imiqathango ngokuthanda kwabo. Ngelishwa, ukukhuphisana nomyolelo ngeSaziso sokuchasa kuyinto eqhelekileyo.

Ukucela umngeni kumyolelo kunokwenziwa ngaphambi okanye emva kokuba inkqubo yokulingwa iqalile. Ukuba akukho mngeni wenziwayo, kwaye umyolelo ubonakala uphunyeziwe ngokufanelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo uya kuthathwa njengesemthethweni yinkundla ngexesha lenkqubo yokulingwa. Inkqubo iya kunqunyanyiswa, nangona kunjalo, ukuba nabani na utyhola enye yezi zilandelayo:

• Umyolelo awuzange uphunyezwe ngendlela engafanelekanga
• Umyoleli wayengenaso isakhono somyolelo
• Kwabakho impembelelo engafanelekanga kumyoleli
• Ukwahluka kwintando iyafuneka phantsi kwemithetho yaseBritish Columbia
• Ulwimi olusetyenziswe kumyolelo alucaci

Ukulungiselela intando yakho kunye nengcebiso ye umyolelo kunye negqwetha lomhlaba unokuqinisekisa ukuba umyolelo wakho awusebenzi nje kuphela kodwa uya kumelana nomngeni enkundleni.

Resources

Umthetho uphucula indlela esayinwa ngayo imiyolelo, nokungqinwa kwayo

UMthetho weWills, Estates and Succession Act – [SBC 2009] Isahluko se-13