intshayelelo
Kwisigqibo samva nje seNkundla ye-Federal, Safarian v Canada (MCI), 2023 FC 775, iNkundla Federal wacela umngeni ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo booilerplate okanye ingxelo inkqayi kwaye ivavanye ukwaliwa kwemvume yokufunda kuMfaki-sicelo, uMnu. Safarian. Isigqibo sikhanyise kwiimfuno zokwenziwa kwezigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngamagosa e-visa, saqaqambisa ukubaluleka kokubonelela ngeengcaciso ezinengqiqo ngokomxholo wesicelo, saphinda saphinda sathi akufanelekanga ukuba uMcebisi athethelele umenzi wesigqibo ukuba enze ezabo izizathu. ukuqinisa isigqibo.
Isakhelo soPhononongo lwezoBulungisa lokuZalwa kweMvume yokuFunda
Isakhelo sokuphononongwa kwenkundla yokwaliwa kwemvume yokufunda inokufumaneka kwisigqibo esibalulekileyo se Canada (MCI) v Vavilov, 2019 SCC 65, e Vavilov, INkundla ePhakamileyo yaseKhanada igqibe kwelokuba umgangatho wophononongo wophononongo lwenkundla yesigqibo solawulo uya kuba “chanekile” kwimibuzo yomthetho, kubandakanywa nemibuzo yobulungisa benkqubo kunye naleyo iphathelele kububanzi begunya lomenzi wesigqibo, kunye “nokufaneleka kwenkqubo yobulungisa. Impazamo ebonakalayo neyongamileyo yenyani okanye inyaniso exutyiweyo nomthetho. Isigqibo kufuneka sibe neempawu ezibonisa ukubanengqiqo - ukuthetheleleka, ukungafihli, kunye nokuqondakala - kwaye sisekelwe kuluhlu lwamazwe ngamazwe oluhambelanayo kunye nengqiqo yohlalutyo olufanelekileyo ngokunxulumene neenyaniso kunye nomthetho onyanzelisa umenzi wesigqibo.
In Safarian, UMnu Justice Sébastien Grammond ugxininise imfuno yenkcazo enengqiqo kunye nokuphendula kwiziphakamiso zamaqela ezivela kwigosa le-visa eliphononongayo kwaye wakhumbuza ukuba akuvumelekanga ukuba uMcebisi ophendulayo axhase isigqibo segosa le-visa. Isigqibo kunye nezizathu zaso kufuneka sizimele okanye siwe ngokwaso.
IiNgcaciso ezingonelanga kunye neeNgxelo zeBoilerplate
UMnu. Safarian, ummi wase-Iran, wayefake isicelo sokulandela i-Master of Business Administration ("MBA") kwiYunivesithi yaseCanada West, eVancouver, eBritish Columbia. Igosa lokundwendwela i-visa alizange laneliseke kukuba isicwangciso sokufunda sikaMnu. Safarian sasisengqiqweni kuba ngaphambili wayeqhubele phambili nezifundo kwinkalo enganxulumananga nayo yaye ileta yengqesho eyayinikiwe yayingaqinisekisi ukonyuswa komvuzo.
Kwimeko kaMnu. Safrian, igosa le-visa libonelele ngeNkqubo yoLawulo lwaMatyala eHlabathi (i-“GCMS”) amanqaku, okanye izizathu, eziquka ubukhulu becala ziingxelo zebhoilerplate okanye ezinempandla eziveliswe yisoftware esetyenziswa ngabaFudu, iMbacu kunye nabemi baseKhanada (“IRCC”) kunye ne-Canada Border Services Agency (“CBSA”) xa kuvavanywa izicelo zemvume yokufunda. Ukuthembela kakhulu kwiingxelo ze-boilerplate kuphakamisa inkxalabo yokuba igosa le-visa lisilele ekuvavanyeni okanye ukuphonononga isicelo sikaMnu. Safrian malunga neenyani kunye neemeko zakhe zobuqu.
UJustice Grammond ubalaselisa uluvo lweNkundla lokuba ukusebenzisa iinkqayi okanye iinkcaza ngokwako akuchasekanga, kodwa kwakhona akabakhululi abenzi bezigqibo ekuqwalaseleni izibakala zetyala ngalinye baze bachaze indlela nesizathu sokuba umenzi wesigqibo afikelele kwisigqibo esithile. Ngaphezu koko, into yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwesivakalisi esithile okanye ingxelo ye-boilerplate yabanjwa ukuba inengqiqo kwisigqibo seNkundla yangaphambili ye-Federal, ayigonyi loo nkcazo ekuhlolweni kwiimeko ezilandelayo. Ngamafutshane, iNkundla kufuneka ikwazi ukumisela njani igosa lifikelele kwisigqibo salo ngokusekwe kumanqaku eGCMS anikiweyo, afuna imfuneko yokuthetheleleka, ukungafihli, kunye nokuqondakala kwizizathu zegosa.
Isigqibo seGosa besingenalo uQhagamshelwano olusengqiqweni
Igosa linike izizathu ezithe ngqo zokukhaba imvume yokufunda kaMnu. Safarian, ejolise ekungoneli kwesicwangciso sokufunda sikaMnu. Safarian ngenxa yamava akhe engqesho kunye nembali yemfundo. Igosa liphakamise inkxalabo yokuba izifundo ezicetywayo eCanada zazingenangqiqo ngenxa yokuba izifundo zangaphambili zoMfaki-sicelo zazikwintsimi enganxulumananga. Igosa liphinde lathatha imbambano ngeleta yengqesho yoMfaki-sicelo kuba ayizange ichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba uMnu. Safarian uya kufumana ukonyuswa komvuzo xa egqiba inkqubo yokufunda nokubuyela emsebenzini e-Iran.
UJustice Grammond wafumanisa ukuba izizathu zegosa zazingenangqiqo kwaye wathi kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba abantu baqhube i-MBA emva kokugqiba idigri yangaphambili kwinkalo eyahlukileyo yokufunda kunye nokufumana amava omsebenzi, echaza. Ahadi v Canada (MCI), 2023 FC 25. Ngaphaya koko, ukuzimisela kukaJustice Grammond kuyayixhasa loo nto oHloniphekileyo uMama uJustice Furlanetto, owagxininisa ukuba asiyondima yegosa le-visa ukusebenza njengomcebisi ngekhondo lomsebenzi okanye ukugqiba ukuba ngaba umenzi-sicelo wephepha-mvume lokufunda izifundo ezijoliswe kuzo ziya kuwuphucula umsebenzi wakhe okanye zikhokelele ekunyusweni kwengqesho okanye ekunyusweni komvuzo. [Monteza v Canada (MCI), 2022 FC 530 kwi paras 19-20]
INkundla iqhube yafumanisa ukuba esona sizathu sokukhanyela kweli gosa asinalo unxibelelwano olusengqiqweni. UJustice Grammond ugxininise ukuba akukho ngqiqweni ukuba igosa elihlolayo lithelekise iminyaka kaMnu. Safarian yengqesho kwindawo enye nokunyaniseka kwesicwangciso sakhe sokufunda. Ukunganyaniseki kwegosa okanye ukucinga ukuba ukufumana umsebenzi kwenza ukuba ukufunda okuqhubekayo kungabi yimfuneko yayingekho ngqiqweni ngenxa yobungqina obunikwe kwisicelo sikaMnu. Safarian, kuquka isicwangciso sakhe sokufunda kunye namaxwebhu engqesho.
Ukuqinisa iSigqibo seGosa eliPhononongayo
Kwityala lokuphononongwa kwenkundla yesicelo sikaMnu. Safarian, uMcebisi woMphathiswa watsalela ingqwalasela yeNkundla kwimisebenzi yemisebenzi edweliswe kwingxelo kaMnu. Safarian kunye noxanduva lwesikhundla “esikhankanyiweyo” kwileta yengqesho. UJustice Grammond ufumene iimbono zoMcebisi oPhendulayo zingacacanga kwaye iqaqambise imbono yeNkundla yokuba imiba engachazwanga ayinakusixhasa isigqibo segosa.
I-jurisprudence icacile ukuba isigqibo kunye nezizathu zaso kufuneka zizimele okanye ziwele ngokwazo. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko kuphawulwe ngoHloniphekileyo uJustice Zinn kwimeko ka Torkestani, akulunganga ukuba abacebisi bathethelele umenzi wesigqibo ukuba enze ezabo izizathu zokugxininisa isigqibo. Ummangalelwa, ongeyena umenzi wesigqibo, uzame ukubuyisela okanye ukucacisa ukusilela kwizizathu zegosa elihlolayo, elingafanelekanga kwaye lingavumelekanga.
Intlawulo yokumiselwa kwakhona
Yayiyimbono yeNkundla ukuba igosa liye lasilela ukubonelela ngezizathu ezithile zesigqibo sokuba izifundo ezicetywayo zazingenangqiqo, ngenxa yeenzuzo ezicacileyo i-MBA evela kwiyunivesithi kwilizwe laseNtshona inokunika uMnu Safarian. Ngolo hlobo, iNkundla yagqiba ekubeni isivumele isicelo sokuphononongwa kwenkundla kwaye umcimbi udluliselwe kwigosa le-visa elahlukileyo ukuze umiselwe kwakhona.
Isiphelo: I-Boilerplate okanye i-Bald Statements kufuneka igwenywe
The Safarian v Canada Isigqibo seNkundla ye-Federal sinika ukukhanya ngokubaluleka kokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo kunye novavanyo olufanelekileyo ekukhanyeni kwemvume yokufunda. Igxininisa imfuneko yokuba amagosa e-visa anike iinkcazo ezinengqiqo, athathele ingqalelo umxholo kunye neenyaniso zemeko nganye, kwaye aphephe ukuthembela ngokugqithiseleyo kwiingxelo ze-boilerplate okanye ezinempandla. Isigqibo, kule meko, sisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuba abafaki-zicelo kufuneka bavavanywe ngokokufaneleka kwabo, izigqibo kufuneka zisekelwe kwizizathu ezicacileyo nezifanelekileyo, kwaye uMcebisi ophendulayo kufuneka angamthetheleli umenzi wesigqibo, axhomekeke kwiingxelo ezingacacanga, okanye azifake kwifashoni. izizathu zakhe zokugxininisa isigqibo.
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Ukufunda ngakumbi izigqibo zeNkundla yoMthetho wePax kwiNkundla yoMdibaniso, ungakwenza oko ngeCanadian Legal Information Institute ngokucofa Apha.
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