Sebhizinesi reCanada, kunzwisisa maitiro eLabour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) uye kusiyanisa pakati pezvikamu zvemuhoro wepamusoro uye wepasi-muhoro unogona kunzwa sekufamba nepakati pelabyrinth yakaoma. Gwaro iri rakazara rinojekesa dambudziko remuhoro wepamusoro maringe nemuhoro wakaderera mukati mechikamu cheLMIA, ichipa ruzivo runoshanda kune vashandirwi vari kutsvaga kuhaya vashandi vekunze. Isu tinoongorora chikamu chega chega chinotsanangura zvinhu, zvinodiwa, uye zvinokanganisa bhizinesi rako, tichipa nzira yakajeka kuburikidza nenyika yakaoma yeCanada immigration policy. Gadzirira kuvhura chakavanzika cheLMIA uye pinda munyika ine ruzivo rwekuita sarudzo.
Yakakwira-muhoro uye yakaderera-mubairo muLMIA
Ngatitangei nekutsanangura mazwi maviri akakosha munhaurirano yedu: zvinzvimbo zvemuhoro wepamusoro uye wakaderera. Munzvimbo yeCanada yekutama, chinzvimbo chinonzi 'mubairo mukuru' kana mubairo wakapihwa uri kana pamusoro peiyo. muhoro wepakati paawa kune rimwe basa mune imwe nzvimbo iyo basa riripo. Sezvineiwo, chinzvimbo che 'low-wage' ndechimwe apo muhoro unopihwa unowira pasi pepakati.
Aya mapoka emuhoro, anotsanangurwa ne Basa uye Social Development Canada (ESDC), tungamira maitiro eLMIA, kuona zvinhu zvakaita semaitirwo ekunyorera, zvinodiwa zvekushambadzira, uye zvisungo zvevashandirwi. Nekunzwisisa uku, zviri pachena kuti rwendo rwemushandi kuburikidza neLMIA rwunotsamira zvakanyanya pachikamu chemuhoro wechinzvimbo chakapihwa.
Usati wanyura mune yakasarudzika hunhu hwechikamu chega chega, zvakakosha kuti utsikise iyo yakajairika mamiriro eLMIA. LMIA inzira iyo ESDC inoongorora kupihwa kwebasa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kushandwa kwemushandi wekunze hakuzokanganisa musika wevashandi weCanada. Vashandirwi vanofanirwa kuratidza kuti vakaedza kuhaya vanhu vekuCanada uye vagari zvachose vasati vatendeukira kuvashandi vekunze.
Tichifunga nezvechirevo ichi, iyo LMIA maitiro inova chiitiko mukuyera zvinodiwa nevashandirwi veCanada nedziviriro yemusika wevashandi weCanada.
Tsanangudzo yenzvimbo dzakakwirira-muhoro uye dzakaderera
Mune zvakadzama, tsananguro yenzvimbo dzepamusoro-muhoro uye yepasi-muhoro inotsamira padanho repakati pemuhoro mumatunhu chaiwo muCanada. Iyi mihoro yepakati zvinosiyana mumapurovhinzi nematunhu uye pakati pemabasa akasiyana mukati mematunhu iwayo.
Semuenzaniso, chinzvimbo chepamusoro-muhoro muAlberta chinogona kuverengerwa senzvimbo yepasi-muhoro muPrince Edward Island nekuda kwekusiyana kwemuhoro wedunhu. Naizvozvo, kunzwisisa mubairo wepakati webasa rako chairo mudunhu rako kwakakosha pakurongedza nenzira kwayo nzvimbo yakapihwa yebasa.
Uyezve, muhoro waunopa unofanirwa kuenderana nechiyero chiripo chemuhoro webasa racho, zvinoreva kuti rinofanirwa kuenzana kana kupfuura mwero wemuhoro unobhadharwa kune vashandi vari pabasa rimwe chete mudunhu. Mubairo uripo unogona kuwanikwa uchishandisa Job Bank.
Ndokumbira utarise kuti tafura iyi inofananidza uye inogona kusavhara zvese zvakanangana kana misiyano pakati pehova mbiri idzi. Vashandirwi vanofanira kugara vachinongedzera nhungamiro yazvino kubva kuIbasa neSocial Development Canada.
Mihoro yeMedhiya paawa nedunhu kana dunhu
| Dunhu/dunhu | Mihoro yepakati paawa kubva muna Chivabvu 31, 2023 |
|---|---|
| Alberta | $28.85 |
| British Columbia | $27.50 |
| Manitoba | $23.94 |
| New Brunswick | $23.00 |
| Newfoundland uye Labrador | $25.00 |
| Northwest Territories | $38.00 |
| Nova Scotia | $22.97 |
| Nunavut | $35.90 |
| Ontario | $27.00 |
| Prince Edward Island | $22.50 |
| Quebec | $26.00 |
| Saskatchewan | $26.22 |
| Yukon | $35.00 |
Key Takeaway: Zvikamu zvemihoro inharaunda uye basa-rakanangana. Kunzwisisa kusiyana kwemubairo wedunhu uye pfungwa yehuwandu hwemuhoro uripo hunogona kukubatsira kunyatsotsanangura chinzvimbo chakapihwa uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa nemuhoro.
Misiyano Yakakosha Pakati peKukwirisa-Muhoro uye Kuderera-Muhoro Zvinzvimbo
| chokuratidza | High-Wage Position | Low-Wage Position |
|---|---|---|
| Wage Inopiwa | Pa kana pamusoro pemuhoro wepurovhinzi/yenharaunda wepakati peawa | Pazasi pemuhoro wepurovhinzi/yenharaunda wepakati paawa |
| LMIA Stream | High-wage stream | Kuyerera kwemuhoro wakaderera |
| Mubairo weMedhiya Weawa Yega Muenzaniso (British Columbia) | $27.50 (kana pamusoro) kubva muna Chivabvu 31, 2023 | Pazasi pe $ 27.50 kubva muna Chivabvu 31, 2023 |
| Zvido zvekushanda | - Inogona kuve yakanyanya kuomesesa maererano nekuedza kutsvaga. - Inogona kunge iine zvakasiyana kana zvimwe zvinodiwa zvekufambisa, pekugara, uye hutano hwevashandi. - Kazhinji yakanangana nezvinzvimbo zvine hunyanzvi. | -Kazhinji kushoma kuomesesa zvinodiwa zvekutsvaga. - Inogona kusanganisira zvivharo pahuwandu hweTFWs kana zvirambidzo zvinoenderana nechikamu kana dunhu. - Kazhinji yakanangana neakaderera-unyanzvi, yakaderera-inobhadhara zvinzvimbo. |
| Kushandiswa kwakashandiswa | Zvekuzadza hunyanzvi hwenguva pfupi uye kushomeka kwevashandi kana pasina vekuCanada kana vagari vekusingaperi varipo kune zvinzvimbo zvine hunyanzvi. | Kumabasa asingade hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye kudzidziswa uye uko kune kushomeka kwevashandi vekuCanada varipo. |
| Zvirongwa zvePurogiramu | Inofanirwa kuenderana nepamusoro-mubhadharo chinzvimbo chinodiwa kubva kuBasa neSocial Development Canada, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira kushoma kuedza kupinza basa, kupa mamwe mabhenefiti, nezvimwe. | Inofanirwa kutevedzera yakaderera-mubairo chinzvimbo chinodiwa kubva kune Employment uye Social Development Canada, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira akasiyana mazinga ekutsvaga, pekugara, uye zvimwe zvinhu. |
| Nguva Yebasa Inobvumirwa | Kusvika kumakore matatu kubva muna Kubvumbi 3, 4, uye ingangorebesa mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana nechikonzero chakakwana. | Kazhinji mapfupi marefu, kuenderana neyakaderera hunyanzvi mwero uye mubhadharo weiyo chinzvimbo. |
| Mhedzisiro paCanadian Labor Market | Iyo LMIA ichaona kana kuhaya TFW kuchave nemhedzisiro yakanaka kana yakaipa pamusika wevashandi weCanada. | Iyo LMIA ichaona kana kuhaya TFW kuchave nemhedzisiro yakanaka kana yakaipa pamusika wevashandi weCanada. |
| Transition Period | Vashandirwi vanogona kusangana neshanduko muchikamu nekuda kweyakagadziridzwa mihoro yepakati uye vanofanirwa kugadzirisa mashandisirwo avo zvinoenderana. | Vashandirwi vanogona kusangana neshanduko muchikamu nekuda kweyakagadziridzwa mihoro yepakati uye vanofanirwa kugadzirisa mashandisirwo avo zvinoenderana. |
Nepo zvinzvimbo zvemuhoro wepamusoro-soro uye wakaderera zvichinyanya kusiyaniswa nemazinga avo emuhoro, mapoka aya anosiyana mune zvimwe zvinhu zvakati wandei zvine chekuita nehurongwa hweLMIA. Ngatiburitse mutsauko uyu kuti ufambise kunzwisisa kwako uye kugadzirira kweLMIA application.
Transition Plans
Kune zvigaro zvepamusoro-muhoro, vashandirwi vanofanirwa kuendesa a chirongwa chekuchinja pamwe chete neLMIA application. Urongwa uhwu hunofanirwa kuratidza kuzvipira kwemushandi kudzikisa kuvimba kwavo nevashandi vekunze kwenguva pfupi. Semuyenzaniso, chirongwa cheshanduko chinogona kusanganisira matanho ekuhaya nekudzidzisa vagari vekuCanada kana vagari venguva dzose pabasa iri.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, vashandirwi vanotambira mari shoma havafanirwe kuendesa chirongwa chekuchinja. Nekudaro, ivo vanofanirwa kuomerera kune akasiyana seti yemirairo, iyo inotisvitsa kune yedu inotevera pfungwa.
Cap on Low-Wage Positions
Chiyero chakakosha chekutonga kwezvinzvimbo zvemihoro yakaderera chivharo chakatemerwa chikamu chevashandi venguva pfupi venguva pfupi bhizinesi rinogona kupinza basa. Sezvo we data yekupedzisira iripo, kubva muna Kubvumbi 30, 2022, uye kusvika pakazoziviswa zvakare, uri pasi pechikamu che20% chivharo pachikamu cheTFWs chaunogona kuhaya munzvimbo dzemihoro yakaderera pane imwe nzvimbo yebasa. Ichi chivharo hachishandi kune zvigaro zvepamusoro-muhoro.
Pazvikumbiro zvakatambirwa pakati paKubvumbi 30, 2022, naGumiguru 30, 2023, unokodzera kupihwa muganho we30% kubva kuvashandirwi vanohaya vashandi munzvimbo dzemihoro yakaderera muzvikamu zvakatsanangurwa uye zvikamu zviduku:
- kuvaka
- Kugadzira chikafu
- Kugadzirwa kwehuni
- Furnicha uye zvinoenderana nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu
- Hospitals
- Nursing uye nzvimbo dzekugara dzekuchengetedza
- Nzvimbo dzekugara uye zvekudya
Dzimba uye Zvekufambisa
Pazvinzvimbo zvemihoro yakaderera, vashandirwi vanofanira kupawo humbowo hwekuti dzimba dzinodhura inowanika kuvashandi vavo vokune dzimwe nyika. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yebasa, vashandirwi vanganzi vape kana kuronga chokufambisa chevashandi ava. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro haawanzoshanda kune nzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro.
Key Takeaway: Kuziva izvo zvakasarudzika zvinodikanwa zvine chekuita nepamusoro-muhoro uye wakaderera-mubhadharo zvinzvimbo, senge zvirongwa zvekuchinja, makepisi, uye pekugara, zvinogona kubatsira vashandirwi kugadzirira yakabudirira LMIA application.
Iyo LMIA Maitiro
Maitiro eLMIA, kunyangwe aine mukurumbira wekuve akaomarara, anogona kuputswa kuita matanho anogoneka. Pano, isu tinotsanangura maitiro ekutanga, kunyangwe zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti panogona kunge paine mamwe matanho kana zvinodiwa kune yako chaiyo mamiriro.
- Kushambadzira Basa: Vasati vanyorera LMIA, vashandirwi vanofanirwa kushambadzira chinzvimbo chebasa muCanada angangoita mavhiki mana. Iyo ad yebasa inofanirwa kusanganisira zvinhu zvakaita semabasa ebasa, hunyanzvi hunodiwa, muhoro unopihwa, uye nzvimbo yebasa.
- Kugadzirira Kwekushandisa: Vashandirwi vanobva vagadzirira chikumbiro chavo, vachiratidza kuedza kutora vagari vekuCanada kana vagari vemo uye kukosha kwekuhaya mushandi wekune imwe nyika. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira chirongwa cheshanduko chambotaurwa chezvinzvimbo zvepamusoro-soro.
- Kuendesa uye Kuongorora: Chikumbiro chakapedzwa chinotumirwa kuESDC/Service Canada. Dhipatimendi rinobva raongorora zvinogona kuitika pakuhaya mushandi wekunze pamusika wevashandi weCanada.
- Mhinduro: Kana zvakanaka, mushandirwi anogona kuwedzera basa kune mushandi wekunze, uyo anobva anyorera mvumo yekushanda. Iyo LMIA isina kunaka inoreva kuti mushandirwi anofanira kudzokorora chikumbiro chavo kana kufunga dzimwe sarudzo.
Key Takeaway: Kunyangwe maitiro eLMIA achigona kuoma, kunzwisisa matanho ekutanga kunogona kupa hwaro hwakasimba. Gara uchitsvaga zano rinoenderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakatsetseka.
Zvinodiwa Zvepamusoro-Muhoro Zvinzvimbo
Nepo maitiro eLMIA atsanangurwa pamusoro apa achipa hwaro hwepurani, izvo zvinodikanwa zvezvinzvimbo zvemuhoro wepamusoro zvinowedzera imwe nhanho yekuoma. Sezvambotaurwa, vashandirwi vanopa chinzvimbo chepamusoro-muhoro vanofanirwa kuendesa chirongwa chekuchinja. Hurongwa uhu hunotsanangura matanho ekuderedza kuvimba nevashandi vekunze nekufamba kwenguva.
Matanho anogona kusanganisira matanho ekuhaya kana kudzidzisa vamwe vekuCanada, senge:
- Kutora zviitiko zvekuhaya maCanada / vagari venguva dzose, kusanganisira zvirongwa zvenguva yemberi kuzviita.
- Dzidzo inopiwa kune veCanada / vagari vekusingaperi kana zvirongwa zvekupa kudzidziswa mune ramangwana.
- Kubatsira mushandi wepamusoro-soro wenguva pfupi wekunze kuti ave mugari wechigarire weCanada.
Zvakare, vashandirwi vane muhoro wepamusoro vanoiswawo pasi pezvinodikanwa zvekushambadzira. Pamusoro pekushambadzira basa mhiri kweCanada, basa rinofanirwa kushambadzwa pa Job Bank uye dzimwe nzira mbiri dzinoenderana nemaitiro ekushambadzira ebasa racho.
Vashandirwi vanofanirwa kupawo mubairo uripo webasa munharaunda iyo basa riripo. Mubairo haugone kuva pasi pemuhoro uripo, kuve nechokwadi kuti vashandi vekunze vanowana mibairo yakaenzana nevashandi vekuCanada mune imwechete basa uye dunhu.
Key Takeaway: Vashandirwi vane chinzvimbo chepamusoro-soro vanotarisana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira chirongwa chekuchinja uye zvakaomesesa zvekushambadzira. Kujairana nezvinodiwa izvi kunogona kukugadzirira zvirinani kune LMIA application.
Zvinodiwa paZvinzvimbo-Muhoro Wakaderera
Kune nzvimbo dzepasi-mubhadharo, zvinodiwa zvakasiyana. Vashandirwi vanofanira kuona kuti vasangana nekavha yehuwandu hwevashandi vekunze vanotambira mari shoma vavanokwanisa kuhaya, inova 10% kana 20% yevashandi vavo zvichienderana nekuti pavakatanga kuwana TFWP.
Zvakare, vashandirwi vanofanirwa kupa humbowo hwedzimba dzinodhura dzevashandi vavo vekune dzimwe nyika, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira kuongororwa kweavhareji marendi erendi munzvimbo nenzvimbo dzekugara dzakapihwa nemushandirwi. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yebasa, vangadawo kupa kana kuronga chokufambisa chevashandi vavo.
Kufanana nevashandirwi vane muhoro wepamusoro, vashandirwi vanotambira mari shoma vanofanira kushambadzira basa muCanada mose uye paBhangi reJobho. Nekudaro, ivo vanofanirwawo kuita kumwe kushambadza kunonangana nemapoka asina kumiririrwa muvashandi vekuCanada, sevanhu veko, vanhu vakaremara, uye vechidiki.
Chekupedzisira, vashandirwi vane muhoro wakaderera vanofanirwa kupa mubairo uripo, sevashandirwi vane muhoro wepamusoro, kuti vaone mihoro yakanaka yevashandi vekunze.
Key Takeaway: Zvinodiwa zvezvinzvimbo zvemuhoro wakaderera, senge zvivharo zvevashandi, dzimba dzinodhura, uye kumwe kushambadza kuedza, zvinoenderana nemamiriro akasiyana ezvinzvimbo izvi. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinodiwa kwakakosha kune yakabudirira LMIA application.
Mhedzisiro paMabhizinesi eCanada
Iyo LMIA maitiro uye ayo epamusoro-mubhadharo uye wakaderera-mubairo zvikamu zvine zvakakosha pamabhizinesi eCanada. Ngationgororei izvi mhedzisiro kubatsira vashandirwi kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo.
High-Wage Positions
Kushandisa vashandi vekunze kune zvinzvimbo zvepamusoro-soro kunogona kuunza hunyanzvi hunodiwa uye tarenda kumabhizinesi eCanada, kunyanya mumaindasitiri ane kushomeka kwevashandi. Nekudaro, chinodiwa chechirongwa cheshanduko chinogona kuisa mamwe mabasa kune vashandirwi, sekudyara mukudzidzisa nekusimudzira zvirongwa zvevaCanada.
Zvakare, nepo kusavapo kwechivharo pavashandi vekunze vanotambira mari yakawanda kunopa kuchinjika kumabhizinesi, kushambadzira kwakaomarara uye kudiwa kwemuhoro kunogona kumisa izvi. Nekudaro, makambani anofanirwa kunyatso funga nezvezvinoreva izvi asati apa zvinzvimbo zvepamusoro kune vashandi vekunze.
Nzvimbo Dzakaderera-Muhoro
Vashandi vokune dzimwe nyika vanotambira mari shoma vanogonawo kubatsira, kunyanya maindasitiri akadai seanogamuchira vaeni, kurima, uye utano hwepamba, uko kune kudiwa kukuru kwevashandi vakadaro. Nekudaro, chivharo chevashandi vekunze vanotambira mari shoma chinodzikamisa kugona kwebhizinesi kuvimba nedziva revashandi iri.
Chinodiwa chekupa dzimba dzinodhura uye zvingango fambisa zvekufambisa zvinogona zvakare kuwedzera mari kumabhizinesi. Nekudaro, aya matanho uye chaiwo ekushambadzira zvinodiwa zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zveCanada zvemagariro, zvinosanganisira kubata zvakanaka kwevashandi vekunze uye mikana yebasa kumapoka akamirirwa.
Key Takeaway: Mhedzisiro yevashandi vekunze vanotambira mari yakawanda uye yakaderera pamabhizinesi eCanada inogona kuve yakakosha, ichikanganisa zvakasiyana-siyana senge kuronga kwevashandi, zvimiro zvemitengo, uye mutoro wemagariro. Mabhizinesi anofanirwa kuyera izvi zvinokonzeresa maererano nezvido zvavo zvekushanda uye zvinangwa zvenguva refu.
Mhedziso: Kufambisa iyo LMIA Maze
Maitiro eLMIA anogona kuita seanoomesera nekusarudzika kwayo kwemuhoro wepamusoro uye wepasi-muhoro. Asi nekunzwisisa kwakajeka kwetsananguro, mutsauko, zvinodiwa, uye zvinokanganisa, mabhizinesi eCanada anogona kufambisa maitiro aya aine chivimbo. Gamuchira rwendo rweLMIA, uchiziva kuti inogona kuvhura mikova kune dziva retarenda repasi rose iro rinogona kupfumisa bhizinesi rako uchipa kune zvinangwa zveCanada zvemagariro nehupfumi.
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Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa
Ndeipi mari yekunyorera yeLMIA?
Mari yekunyorera yeLMIA parizvino yakaiswa paUS$1,000 pachinzvimbo chega chega chenguva pfupi chemushandi wekunze chakakumbirwa.
Pane here zvisizvo pane zvinodikanwa zveLMIA?
Hongu, pane mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu apo mushandi wekune dzimwe nyika anogona kubhadharwa pasina LMIA. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvakananga International Mobility Programs, sechibvumirano cheNAFTA uye intra-kambani inotamiswa.
Ndinogona here kuhaya mushandi wekune imwe nyika kuti aite chikamu chenguva pfupi?
Vashandirwi vanofanira kupa zvinzvimbo zvenguva yakazara (zvishoma zvemaawa makumi matatu pasvondo) pavanenge vachihaya vashandi vekunze pasi peTFWP, chinova chirongwa chinotongwa neLMIA maitiro.
Ndinogona kunyorera LMIA kana bhizinesi rangu riri nyowani?
Ehe, mabhizinesi matsva anogona kunyorera LMIA. Nekudaro, ivo vanofanirwa kuratidza kugona kwavo uye kugona kuzadzisa zvimiro zveLMIA, sekupa mihoro yakabvumiranwa uye mamiriro ekushanda kune mushandi wekunze.
Chikumbiro cheLMIA chakarambwa chingakwidzwa here?
Kunyangwe pasina hurongwa hwekukwidza nyaya yeLMIA yakarambwa, vashandirwi vanogona kuendesa chikumbiro chekuti vaongororwezve kana vachitenda kuti chikanganiso chakaitwa panguva yekuongorora.
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