Liyini isigaba se-Canadian Economic of immigration?|Ingxenye 1

I. Isingeniso Senqubomgomo Yezokufika YaseCanada

The Umthetho Wokufudukela Kwabokufika kanye Nababaleki (I-IRPA) ichaza inqubomgomo yaseCanada yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, igcizelela izinzuzo zezomnotho kanye nokusekela umnotho oqinile. Izinjongo ezibalulekile zifaka:

• Ukwandisa izinzuzo zezenhlalo, zamasiko, nezomnotho zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe.
• Isekela umnotho wase-Canada ophumelelayo ngezinzuzo ezabiwe kuzo zonke izifunda.
• Ukubeka phambili ukuhlangana kabusha komndeni eCanada.
• Ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwezakhamuzi ezihlala unomphela, ukuqaphela izibopho ezifanayo.
• Ukwenza kube lula ukungena kwezivakashi, abafundi, nabasebenzi betoho ngezinjongo ezahlukene.
• Ukuqinisekisa impilo nokuphepha komphakathi, kanye nokugcina ukuphepha.
• Ukusebenzisana nezifundazwe ukuze kuqashelwe kangcono iziqinisekiso zamazwe angaphandle kanye nokuhlanganiswa ngokushesha kwabahlali baphakade.

Kuye kwenziwa izichibiyelo phakathi neminyaka ezigabeni zokucubungula umnotho kanye nemibandela, ikakhulukazi kwezomnotho kanye nezamabhizinisi. Izifundazwe nezindawo manje sezidlala indima enkulu ekungeneni kwabantu kwamanye amazwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe umnotho wendawo.

II. Izinhlelo Zokufuduka Kwezomnotho

Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe kwezomnotho eCanada kufaka phakathi izinhlelo ezifana nalezi:

• Uhlelo lwe-Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP)
• Isigaba Sokuhlangenwe nakho KwaseCanada (CEC)
• Uhlelo lwe-Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP)
• Izinhlelo Zokufuduka Kwamabhizinisi (okuhlanganisa Ikilasi Lebhizinisi Lokuqala Nohlelo Lwabantu Abaziqashile)
• Quebec Economic Amakilasi
• Izinhlelo Zokuqokwa Kwesifundazwe (ama-PNPs)
• Uhlelo lwe-Atlantic Immigration Pilot Programme kanye nohlelo lwe-Atlantic Immigration
• Uhlelo Lokulinga Ukufudukela Kwasemakhaya NaseNyakatho
• Amakilasi Okunakekela

Naphezu kokugxekwa okuthile, ikakhulukazi isigaba sabatshalizimali, lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zibe nenzuzo emnothweni waseCanada. Isibonelo, Uhlelo lwabatshalizimali bokufika lulinganiselwa ukuthi luzonikela cishe ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Nokho, ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokungenzeleli, uhulumeni waqeda Izinhlelo Zotshalizimali Nosomabhizinisi ngo-2.

III. Ubunkimbinkimbi bomthetho kanye nokulawula

Uhlaka lomthetho nolokulawula lokufika kwabantu kwamanye amazwe luyinkimbinkimbi futhi akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuluzulazula. I-Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) inikeza ulwazi ku-inthanethi, kodwa ukuthola imininingwane ethile kungaba inselele. Uhlaka lubandakanya i-IRPA, imithethonqubo, amamanyuwali, imiyalelo yohlelo, amaphrojekthi okulinga, izivumelwano zamazwe amabili, nokunye. Abafakizicelo kumele babonise ukuthi bayahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo, okuvame ukuba yinselele futhi inqubo edinga imibhalo.

IV. Isisekelo Sezomthetho Sekilasi Lomnotho

Isisekelo esingokomthetho sokukhetha abokufika abasezingeni lezomnotho sigxile emandleni abo okusungulwa ngokomnotho eCanada. Labo abathola indawo yokuhlala unomphela ngaphansi kwemithombo yezomnotho ngokwesiko banikela kakhulu emnothweni waseCanada.

V. Izidingo Ezijwayelekile Zamakilasi Ezomnotho

Izigaba zezomnotho zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe zilandela izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokucubungula:

Ukungena okuqondile

• OkweKlasi Lokuzizwisa LaseCanada, Uhlelo Lwezisebenzi Ezinekhono Lombuso, Uhlelo Lwezohwebo Lwe-Federal Skilled Trades, noma Izinhlelo ezithile Zezifundazwe Zabaqokiwe.
• Abafake izicelo kumele baqale bamenywe ukuthi bafake izicelo zokuba ngumhlali unomphela.

Isicelo Esiqondile

• Ngezinhlelo ezithile ezinjengoHlelo Lokuqokwa Kwesifundazwe, Amakilasi Ezomnotho aseQuebec, Uhlelo Lwabantu Abaziqashile, njll.
• Izicelo eziqondile zokucatshangelwa isimo sokuhlala unomphela.

Bonke abafake izicelo kumele bahlangabezane nemibandela yokufaneleka kanye namazinga okuvunyelwa (ukuphepha, ukwelashwa, njll.). Amalungu omndeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ahamba noma cha, kufanele ahlangabezane nalezi zidingo.

Ukwahlukaniswa Komsebenzi Kazwelonke

• Ibalulekile kubafakizicelo abafuna isimo sokuhlala unomphela.
• Izigaba zemisebenzi esuselwe ekuqeqeshweni, emfundweni, ekuhlangenwe nakho, kanye nezibopho.
• Yazisa ukunikezwa kokuqashwa, ukuhlolwa kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwesicelo sokuthuthela kwelinye izwe.

Izingane Ezithembekile

• Kubandakanya izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-22 noma ngaphezulu uma zithembele ngokwezimali ngenxa yezimo zomzimba noma zengqondo.
• Iminyaka yezingane ezithembele kuyo "ikhiyiwe" esigabeni sokufakwa kwesicelo.

Imibhalo Yokusekela

• Kudingeka imibhalo ebanzi, okuhlanganisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa kolimi, omazisi, izitatimende zezimali, nokuningi.
• Wonke amadokhumenti kufanele ahunyushwe ngendlela efanele futhi ahanjiswe ngokohlu lokuhlola oluhlinzekwe yi-IRCC.

Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha

• Kuyisibopho kubo bonke abafake izicelo, okwenziwa odokotela abaqokiwe.
• Kudingeka kubo bobabili abafake izicelo abayinhloko namalungu omndeni.

Interview

• Kungase kudingeke ukuthi kuqinisekiswe noma kucaciswe imininingwane yesicelo.
• Imibhalo yokuqala kufanele yethulwe futhi ubuqiniso buyaqinisekiswa.

VI. I-Express Entry System

Eyethulwe ngo-2015, i-Express Entry yathatha indawo yohlelo oludala olufika kuqala, olunikezwa kuqala lwezicelo zokuhlala unomphela ezinhlelweni ezimbalwa. Kubandakanya:

• Ukudala iphrofayili eku-inthanethi.
• Ukukleliswa Kuhlelo Oluphelele Lwezinga (CRS).
• Ukuthola Isimemo Sokufaka Isicelo (ITA) ngokusekelwe kumphumela we-CRS.

Amaphuzu aklonyeliswa ngezici ezifana namakhono, ulwazi, izifakazelo zomlingani wakhe, imisebenzi enikezwayo, njll. Inqubo ihlanganisa imijikelezo evamile yezimemo enemibandela ecacisiwe yokutonyulwa ngakunye.

VII. Umsebenzi Ohleliwe ku-Express Entry

Amaphuzu e-CRS engeziwe anikezwa umsebenzi ofanelekayo. Imibandela yamaphuzu okuqashwa ahleliwe iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezinga lomsebenzi kanye nohlobo lomsebenzi onikezwayo.

VIII. Uhlelo lweFederal Skilled Worker

Lolu hlelo luhlola abafake izicelo ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yobudala, imfundo, ulwazi lomsebenzi, ikhono lolimi, nezinye izici. Kusetshenziswa isistimu esekelwe emaphuzwini, enamaphuzu amancane adingekayo ukuze afaneleke.

IX. Ezinye Izinhlelo

Uhlelo lwe-Federal Skilled Trades

• Okwabasebenzi abanekhono abahwebayo, abanezidingo eziqondile zokufaneleka kanye nohlelo lwamaphuzu.

I-Class Experience Experience yaseCanada

• Kulabo abanolwazi lomsebenzi e-Canada, okugxile ekwazini ulimi nolwazi lomsebenzi ezigabeni ezithile ze-NOC.

Uhlelo ngalunye lunezidingo ezihlukile zokufaneleka, ezigcizelela umgomo weCanada wokuzuza ekufudukeni ngokwezomnotho, ngokwenhlalo, nangokwesiko.

I-Point System ku-Canadian Immigration

Uhlelo lwamaphuzu, olwethulwa ku-Immigration Act ka-1976, luyindlela esetshenziswa yiCanada ukuhlola abokufika abazimele. Ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukulunga nokungaguquguquki ohlelweni lokukhetha ngokunciphisa ukukhetha kanye nokucwasa okungaba khona.

Izibuyekezo Ezibalulekile Zohlelo Lwephoyinti (2013)

• Ukubeka phambili Abasebenzi Abancane: Kugcizelelwa kakhulu kubafakizicelo abancane.
• Ukwazi Ulimi: Ukugxila okuqinile ekukhulumeni kahle izilimi ezisemthethweni (isiNgisi nesiFulentshi) kubalulekile, nesidingo esincane solwazi.
• Isipiliyoni somsebenzi waseCanada: Amaphuzu anikezwa ngokuba nesipiliyoni somsebenzi eCanada.
• Ukwazi Ulimi Lomlingani Nokuhlangenwe nakho Komsebenzi: Amaphuzu engeziwe uma umlingani womfakisicelo ekwazi kahle izilimi ezisemthethweni kanye/noma enolwazi lomsebenzi waseCanada.

Isebenza kanjani i-Point System

• Izikhulu zezokufika zinikeza amaphuzu ngokusekelwe ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zokukhetha.
• UNgqongqoshe ubeka amamaki okuphasa, noma inani elincane elidingekayo, elingalungiswa ngokwezidingo zomnotho nezenhlalo.
• Imaki okuphasa amanje angamaphuzu angama-67 kwayi-100 okungenzeka ukuthi akhona, kuncike ezintweni eziyisithupha zokukhetha.

Izinto Eziyisithupha Zokukhetha

1. Imfundo
2. Ulimi Lokusebenza ngesiNgisi nangesiFulentshi
3. Isipiliyoni somsebenzi
4. Ubudala
5. Umsebenzi Ohleliwe eCanada
6. Ukuguquguquka

Amaphuzu abelwe ukuhlola amandla omfakisicelo okusungulwa kwezomnotho e-Canada.

Umsebenzi Ohleliwe (Amaphuzu ayi-10)

• Kuchazwa njengokunikezwa komsebenzi okuhlala njalo e-Canada okugunyazwe yi-IRCC noma i-ESDC.
• Umsebenzi kufanele ube ku-NOC TEER 0, 1, 2, noma 3.
• Ihlolwa ngokusekelwe ekhonweni lomfakisicelo lokwenza nokwamukela imisebenzi.
• Ubufakazi bomsebenzi osebenzayo buyafuneka, ngokuvamile i-LMIA, ngaphandle uma ukhululiwe ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile.
• Amaphuzu ayi-10 aphelele anikezwa uma umfakisicelo ehlangabezana nemibandela ethile, okuhlanganisa ukuba ne-LMIA evumayo noma ukuba seCanada nemvume yokusebenza eqondene nomqashi kanye nesithembiso somsebenzi unomphela.

Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo (Kufika kumaphuzu ayi-10)

• Izinto ezinomthelela ekuhlanganisweni ngempumelelo komfakisicelo emphakathini waseCanada

kucatshangelwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ulwazi lolimi, umsebenzi wangaphambili noma ukufunda eCanada, ukuba khona kwamalungu omndeni eCanada, kanye nomsebenzi ohleliwe.

• Amaphuzu anikezwa isici ngasinye sokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ngamaphoyinti aphezulu angu-10 ehlanganisiwe.

Isidingo Sezimali Zokukhokhelwa

• Abafakizicelo kumele babonise imali eyanele yokuhlala eCanada ngaphandle uma benamaphuzu okunikezwa komsebenzi ohleliwe ofanelekayo futhi njengamanje bayasebenza noma bagunyazwe ukusebenza eCanada.
• Inani elidingekayo lincike kusayizi womndeni, njengoba kushiwo kuwebhusayithi ye-IRCC.

Uhlelo lwe-Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP)

I-FSTP yakhelwe abantu bangaphandle abanekhono emisebenzini ethile. Ngokungafani ne-Federal Skilled Worker Programme, i-FSTP ayisebenzisi isistimu yamaphoyinti.

Izidingo zokufaneleka

1. Ukwazi Ulimi: Kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo eziyisisekelo zolimi ngesiNgisi noma ngesiFulentshi.
2. Isipiliyoni somsebenzi: Okungenani iminyaka emibili yesipiliyoni somsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele (noma itoho elilingana nalo) kwezohwebo lwamakhono phakathi neminyaka emihlanu ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo.
3. Izidingo Zokuqashwa: Kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuqashwa kohwebo lwamakhono njengokusho kwe-NOC, ngaphandle kwesidingo sesitifiketi seziqu.
4. Ukunikezwa komsebenzi: Kufanele ube nesicelo somsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele okungenani unyaka owodwa noma isitifiketi seziqu esivela kuziphathimandla zaseCanada.
5. Inhloso yokuhlala ngaphandle kweQuebec: IQuebec inesivumelwano sayo sokufuduka nohulumeni wobumbano.

VI. I-Canadian Experience Class (CEC)

I-Canadian Experience Class (CEC), eyasungulwa ngo-2008, inikeza indlela eya ekubeni yisakhamuzi saphakade kubantu bangaphandle abanolwazi lomsebenzi eCanada. Lolu hlelo luhambisana nezinjongo ezimbalwa zoMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwababaleki Nabafuduki (IRPA), olugxile ekuthuthukiseni indwangu yaseCanada yezenhlalo, amasiko, nezomnotho. Amaphuzu abalulekile afaka:

Isiqinisekiso sokufaneleka:

• Abafakizicelo kumele okungenani babe nezinyanga eziyi-12 zesipiliyoni somsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele (noma okulingana netoho) eCanada phakathi neminyaka emithathu edlule.
• Isipiliyoni somsebenzi kufanele sibe semisebenzini esohlwini lwamakhono 0 noma amazinga wamakhono A noma B we-National Occupational Classification (NOC).
• Abafakizicelo kumele bahlangabezane nezidingo zolimi, ngobuchule obuhlolwe inhlangano eqokiwe.
• Ukucatshangelwa Kwesipiliyoni Somsebenzi:

• Ulwazi lomsebenzi ngenkathi ufunda noma uzisebenza ungase ungafaneleki.
• Izikhulu zibuyekeza imvelo yesipiliyoni somsebenzi ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi siyahlangabezana yini nezimfuneko ze-CEC.
• Izikhathi zokuphumula kanye nesikhathi esisetshenzwa phesheya kufakwa enkathini yesipiliyoni somsebenzi esifanelekile.

• Ukwazi Ulimi:

• Ukuhlolwa kolimi okuyimpoqo ngesiNgisi noma ngesiFulentshi.
• Ulwazi lolimi kufanele luhlangabezane namazinga athile e-Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) noma e-Niveau de compétence linguistique canadien (NCLC) asuselwe esigabeni se-NOC solwazi lomsebenzi.

• Inqubo yohlelo lokusebenza:

• Izicelo ze-CEC zicutshungulwa ngokusekelwe kumibandela ecacile namazinga okucubungula ngokushesha.
• Abafakizicelo abavela eQuebec abafanelekile ngaphansi kwe-CEC, njengoba iQuebec inezinhlelo zayo zokufuduka.

• Ukuqondanisa Uhlelo Lokuqokwa Kwesifundazwe (PNP):

• I-CEC igcwalisa izinhloso zezifundazwe kanye nezindawo zabokufika, izifundazwe ziqoka abantu ngabanye ngokusekelwe emandleni abo okufaka isandla kwezomnotho kanye nokuhlanganisa umphakathi wendawo.

A. Isipiliyoni somsebenzi

Ukufaneleka kwe-CEC, umuntu wangaphandle kumele abe nolwazi olunzulu ngomsebenzi waseCanada. Lokhu okwenziwayo kuhlolwa ngezinto ezahlukahlukene:

• Ukubala Umsebenzi Wesikhathi Esigcwele:

• Kuphakathi kwamahora ayi-15 ngeviki izinyanga ezingama-24 noma amahora angama-30 ngesonto izinyanga eziyi-12.
• Uhlobo lomsebenzi kufanele luhambisane nezibopho kanye nemisebenzi echazwe ezincazelweni ze-NOC.

• Ukucatshangelwa Kwesimo Esishiwo:

• Isipiliyoni somsebenzi esitholwe ngaphansi kwesimo esishiwo siyabalwa uma sihambisana nemibandela yemvume yokusebenza yasekuqaleni.

• Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesimo Sokuqashwa:

• Izikhulu zihlola ukuthi ingabe umfakisicelo ubeyisisebenzi noma ezisebenza yena, ecabangela izici ezifana nokuzimela emsebenzini, ubunikazi bamathuluzi, nobungozi bezezimali obuhilelekile.

B. Ikhono Lolimi

Ukwazi ulimi kuyisici esibalulekile kubafakizicelo be-CEC, esihlolwa ngama-ejensi okuhlola aqokiwe:

• Ama-ejensi okuhlola:

• IsiNgisi: IELTS kanye ne-CELPIP.
• IsiFulentshi: I-TEF ne-TCF.
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kufanele ibe ngaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala.

• Imikhawulo yolimi:

• Iyahluka ngokuya ngesigaba se-NOC solwazi lomsebenzi.
• I-CLB 7 yemisebenzi yezinga eliphezulu lamakhono kanye ne-CLB 5 kweminye.

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