Ukuzulazula kumthetho womndeni nokuqonda izici ezicashile zezivumelwano zangaphambi komshado e-British Columbia (BC), Canada, kungaba inkimbinkimbi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ucabanga ukungena esivumelwaneni sangaphambi komshado noma ukubhekana nezindaba zomthetho womndeni, ukuqonda uhlaka lomthetho kubalulekile. Nawa amaqiniso abalulekile angaphezu kweshumi asikhanyisela ngezivumelwano ngaphambi kokushada kanye nomthetho womndeni esifundazweni:
1. Izivumelwano zangaphambi komshado ngo-BC:
Izivumelwano zangaphambi komshado, ngokuvamile okubhekiselwa kuzo njengezivumelwano zomshado noma izivumelwano zangaphambi komshado ngo-BC, ziyizivumelwano ezingokomthetho okungenwa kuzo ngaphambi komshado. Bachaza ukuthi impahla nezikweletu zizohlukaniswa kanjani uma kwenzeka ngokwehlukana noma isehlukaniso.
2. Ukubophezela ngokomthetho:
Ukuze isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado sibe yisibopho esisemthethweni ngo-BC, kufanele sibhalwe phansi, sisayinwe izinhlangothi zombili, futhi kube nofakazi.
3. Kudingeka Ukudalula Okugcwele:
Womabili amaqembu kufanele ahlinzeke ngokudalulwa okuphelele kwezimali komunye nomunye ngaphambi kokusayina isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukudalula izimpahla, izikweletu, nemali engenayo.
4. Iseluleko Esizimele Somthetho:
Kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi izinhlangothi zombili zithole iseluleko esizimele ngaphambi kokusayina isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado. Lokhu kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isivumelwano siyasebenziseka nokuthi zombili izinhlangothi ziyawaqonda amalungelo nezibopho zazo.
5. Ububanzi Bezivumelwano:
Izivumelwano zangaphambi komshado e-BC zingafaka izindaba ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla nezikweletu, izibopho zosekelo lwabangane bomshado, nelungelo lokuqondisa imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kokuziphatha kwezingane zabo. Nokho, azikwazi ukunquma kusengaphambili izinhlelo zokondla izingane noma zokuyigcina.
6. Ukuphoqelela:
Isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado singaphonselwa inselelo futhi sithathwe njengesingaphoqeleleki yinkantolo ye-BC uma sithathwa njengokungafaneleki, uma inhlangano eyodwa yehlulekile ukudalula izimpahla ezibalulekile noma izikweletu, noma uma isivumelwano sisayinwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi.
7. Umthetho Womthetho Womndeni (FLA):
Umthetho Womthetho Womndeni umthetho oyinhloko olawula izindaba zomthetho womndeni e-BC, okuhlanganisa izindaba eziphathelene nomshado, ukwehlukana, isehlukaniso, ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla, isondlo sezingane, kanye nesondlo somlingani.
8. Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezakhiwo:
Ngaphansi kwe-FLA, impahla etholwe ngesikhathi somshado ibhekwa “njengempahla yomndeni” futhi ingaphansi kokuhlukaniswa ngokulinganayo ekuhlukaneni noma isehlukaniso. Impahla ephethwe umngane womshado oyedwa ngaphambi komshado ingase ikhishwe, kodwa ukunyuka kwenani laleyo mpahla phakathi nomshado kuthathwa njengempahla yomndeni.
9. Ubudlelwano Bomthetho Ojwayelekile:
Ngo-BC, abalingani abavamile (izithandani ezihlale ndawonye ebuhlotsheni obunjengomshado okungenani iminyaka emibili) banamalungelo afanayo nabashadile mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwempahla nokusekelwa kwabashadile ngaphansi kwe-FLA.
10. Izinkombandlela Zokusekela Izingane:
I-BC ilandela Izinkombandlela Zokusekelwa Kwezingane zikahulumeni, ezibeka amanani amancane esondlo sezingane ngokusekelwe emalini engenayo yomzali okhokhayo kanye nenani lezingane. Imihlahlandlela ihlose ukuqinisekisa izinga elifanelekile lokusekelwa kwezingane ngemva kokuhlukana noma isehlukaniso.
11. Ukwesekwa Komlingani:
Ukwesekwa komlingani akwenzeki ngokuzenzakalelayo ngo-BC. Kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ubude bobudlelwano, izindima zozakwethu ngamunye phakathi nobudlelwano, kanye nesimo sezimali sozakwethu ngamunye ngemva kokuhlukana.
12. Ukulungiswa Kwezingxabano:
I-FLA ikhuthaza amaqembu ukuthi asebenzise ezinye izindlela zokuxazulula izingxabano, njengokulamula nokulamula, ukuze axazulule izinkinga zawo ngaphandle kwenkantolo. Lokhu kungashesha, kungabizi kakhulu, futhi kungabi nezitha kunokuya enkantolo.
13. Ukubuyekeza Izivumelwano:
Imibhangqwana ingabuyekeza noma iguqule izivumelwano zabo zangaphambi komshado ngemva komshado ukuze zibonise izinguquko ebuhlotsheni babo, izimo zezimali, noma izinhloso zabo. Lezi zichibiyelo kufanele futhi zibhalwe, zisayinwe, futhi kufakazelwe ukuthi ziyasebenza.
Lawa maqiniso agcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqonda amalungelo omuntu nezibopho ngaphansi komthetho womndeni wakwa-BC kanye nenani lezivumelwano ngaphambi kokushada njengengxenye yokuhlela umshado. Uma kubhekwa ubunzima obuhilelekile, ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezomthetho abasebenza ngomthetho womndeni e-BC kuhle ukuze uthole izeluleko ezihambisanayo kanye nesiqondiso.
Ngezansi kukhona imibuzo evame ukubuzwa (FAQs) esikhanyisela ngezivumelwano zangaphambi komshado kanye nomthetho womndeni e-BC.
1. Siyini isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado ngo-BC, futhi kungani ngingasidinga?
Isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado, esaziwa ngo-BC njengesivumelwano somshado noma isivumelwano sokuhlalisana, siyidokhumenti yomthetho echaza indlela umbhangqwana ozohlukanisa ngayo impahla nempahla uma behlukana noma behlukanisa. Izithandani zikhetha izivumelwano ezinjalo ukuze zicacise amalungelo ezezimali nezibopho, zivikele izimpahla, zisekele ukuhlelwa kwezindlu, futhi zigweme izingxabano ezingaba khona uma ubuhlobo buphela.
2. Ingabe izivumelwano zangaphambi komshado zibopha ngokusemthethweni ngo-BC?
Yebo, izivumelwano zangaphambi komshado zibophezela ngokomthetho ngo-BC uma zihlangabezana nemibandela ethile: isivumelwano kufanele sibhalwe phansi, sisayinwe izinhlangothi zombili, futhi kube nofakazi. Iqembu ngalinye kufanele futhi lifune izeluleko ezizimele zezomthetho ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi liyayiqonda imigomo yesivumelwano nemithelela yazo. Ukudalulwa okuphelele kwezimpahla yizo zombili izinhlangothi kuyadingeka ukuze isivumelwano sisebenze.
3. Ingabe isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado singamboza isondlo sezingane kanye nelungelo lokugcina ingane ngo-BC?
Nakuba isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado singabandakanya imigomo emayelana nesondlo nesondlo sengane, lezi zinhlinzeko zihlala zingaphansi kokubuyekezwa kwenkantolo. Inkantolo inegunya lokwenza izinqumo ezisekelwe kulokho okuzuzisa ingane(izingane) ngesikhathi sokuhlukana noma isehlukaniso, kungakhathaliseki imigomo yesivumelwano.
4. Kwenzekani empahleni etholwe ngesikhathi somshado ngo-BC?
Ngo-BC, uMthetho Womthetho Womndeni ulawula ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla kwabashadile noma abasebudlelwaneni obufana nomshado (common-law). Ngokuvamile, impahla etholwe phakathi nobuhlobo kanye nokwenyuka kwenani lempahla elethwa ebuhlotsheni ibhekwa njengempahla yomndeni futhi ingaphansi kokuhlukaniswa okulinganayo ekuhlukaneni. Nokho, izakhiwo ezithile, njengezipho namafa, zingase zingafakwa.
5. Ngabe ukwesekwa komlingani kunqunywa kanjani ngo-BC?
Ukwesekwa komlingani ku-BC akwenzeki. Kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ubude bobudlelwano, izindima zeqembu ngalinye phakathi nobudlelwano, kanye nesimo sezimali seqembu ngalinye ngemva kokuhlukana. Inhloso wukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukonakala kwezomnotho okubangelwa ukubhidlika kobudlelwano. Izivumelwano zingacacisa inani kanye nobude besikhathi sokusekelwa, kodwa imigomo enjalo ingabuyekezwa yinkantolo uma ibonakala ingenabulungisa.
6. Yimaphi amalungelo ozakwethu abavamile abanawo e-BC?
Ngo-BC, ozakwethu abavamile banamalungelo afanayo nabashadile mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwempahla nesikweletu ngaphansi koMthetho Womthetho Womndeni. Ubuhlobo bubhekwa njengomshado uma umbhangqwana uhlale ndawonye ebuhlotsheni bomshado okungenani iminyaka emibili. Ezindabeni ezihlobene nokondliwa kwengane nelungelo lokuhlala naye, isimo somshado asisona isici; imithetho efanayo iyasebenza kubo bonke abazali, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi babeshadile noma bahlala ndawonye.
7. Ingabe isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado singashintshwa noma sihoxiswe?
Yebo, isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado singashintshwa noma sihoxiswe uma izinhlangothi zombili zivuma ukwenza kanjalo. Noma yiziphi izichibiyelo noma ukuhoxiswa kufanele kubhalwe phansi, kusayinwe, futhi kube nofakazi, okufana nesivumelwano sokuqala. Kutuswa ukufuna iseluleko sezomthetho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imigomo ebuyekeziwe iyasebenza futhi iyasebenziseka.
8. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngicabanga isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado noma ngibhekene nenkinga yomthetho womndeni ngo-BC?
Uma ucubungula isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado noma uzulazula ezindabeni zomthetho womndeni e-BC, kubalulekile ukuthintana nommeli ochwepheshe bezomthetho womndeni. Bangakunikeza iseluleko esilungiselelwe, usizo lokusalungiswa noma ukubuyekeza amadokhumenti omthetho, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi amalungelo nezintshisekelo zakho kuvikelekile.
Ukuqonda lawa ma-FAQ kungakunikeza isisekelo esiqinile sokucabanga kwakho mayelana nezivumelwano ngaphambi kokushada nezindaba zomthetho womndeni e-British Columbia. Nokho, imithetho ingashintsha, futhi izimo zomuntu siqu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezomthetho esichwepheshile esifanelana nesimo sakho esithile.
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