Ungasiphikisa Isehlukaniso ECanada?

I-ex yakho ifuna ukudivosa. Ungakwazi yini ukuphikisa? Impendulo emfushane ithi cha. Impendulo ende ithi, kuya ngokuthi. 

Umthetho Wesehlukaniso eCanada

Isehlukaniso phakathi Canada ilawulwa yi- Umthetho Wesehlukaniso, RSC 1985, c. 3 (2nd Supp.). Isehlukaniso sidinga kuphela imvume yeqembu elilodwa e-Canada. Intshisekelo yomphakathi ithiwa ekunikezeni abantu inkululeko yokudivosa ezimeni ezifanele ngaphandle kokucwasa okungadingekile kanye nezithiyo, njengokugodla isahlukaniso esinenzondo njengesivumelwano.

Izizathu Zesehlukaniso

Umkhawulo wesehlukaniso usekelwe ekuwohlokeni komshado phakathi nonyaka owodwa wokuhlukana, ukuphinga, noma unya. Nokho, kunezimo lapho isehlukaniso singeke sinikezwe noma sithathwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngesikhathi esithile ekuqulweni kwecala yinkantolo.

Izinhlinzeko Zomthetho kanye Nokuhlukile

Ngokusho kuka-s. 11 kwe Umthetho Wesehlukaniso, kuwumsebenzi wenkantolo ukuvimbela isehlukaniso uma:

a) kube nokusebenzisana okuhilelekile esicelweni sesehlukaniso;

b) Amalungiselelo afanelekile Okondla Ingane yezingane zomshado awenziwanga; noma 

c) kube khona ukushweleza noma ukuvumelana ngasohlangothini lomlingani oyedwa ezinqubweni zesehlukaniso.

Izimo Ezithize Ngaphansi KoMthetho Wesehlukaniso

Isigaba 11(a) sisho ukuthi abathintekayo baqamba amanga mayelana nengxenye ethile yesicelo sesehlukaniso futhi benza ukukhwabanisa enkantolo.

Isigaba 11(b) sisho ukuthi abathintekayo kufanele benze isiqiniseko sokuthi izinhlelo Zokusekela Ingane, ngokweziqondiso ezigunyazwe uhulumeni, zikhona ngaphambi kokuthi kukhishwe isehlukaniso. Ngezinjongo zesehlukaniso, inkantolo ikhathazeke kuphela ngokuthi ngabe izinhlelo Zokusekela Ingane ziyenziwa yini, hhayi ukuthi ziyakhokhelwa yini. Lezi zinhlelo zingenziwa ngeSivumelwano Sokuhlukanisa, Umyalelo Wenkantolo, noma ngenye indlela.

Ngaphansi kuka-s. 11(c), ukushweleza kanye nokuxolelana kungokwamacala edivosi asekelwe ekuphingeni nesihluku. Inkantolo ingathola ukuthi omunye umngane womshado wamthethelela omunye ngokuphinga noma isihluku noma ukuthi omunye umngane womshado usize omunye ekwenzeni leso senzo.

Ukucatshangelwa koMthetho Okuvamile

Ngokomthetho ovamile, izicelo zesehlukaniso zingabuye zimiswe uma ukunikeza isehlukaniso kuzophazamisa kakhulu omunye umuntu. Umthwalo wokufakazela lokhu kubandlulula ubekwe eqenjini eliphikisa isehlukaniso. Umthwalo ube usudlulela komunye ukukhombisa ukuthi isahlukaniso kusafanele sikhishwe.

Indaba efundwayo: Gill v. Benipal

Ecaleni lakamuva leNkantolo Yokudlulisa Amacala yase-BC, Gill v. Benpal, 2022 BCCA 49, Inkantolo Yokudluliswa Kwamacala yachitha isinqumo sejaji lecala lokunganikezi isehlukaniso Kulowo Ofake isicelo.

Ummangalelwa uthe ubandlululo luzovela ekulahlekelweni kwakhe njengesimo somlingani njengoba wayeseNdiya ngesikhathi sodlame, waba nobunzima bokuyala izeluleko, owayekade edalulile ngokwezimali, futhi owayekade eshade naye wayengeke abe naso isisusa sokubhekana nezinkinga zezimali uma isehlukaniso. zanikezwa. Lesi sakamuva siyisimangalo esivamile sokubambezeleka kwesehlukaniso, njengoba kuba nokukhathazeka uma isehlukaniso sesivunyelwe ukuthi omunye umuntu ngeke esasebenzisana ekuhlukaniseni impahla nempahla ngokulahlekelwa isikhundla sokuba umngane womshado wohlangothi oluphikisa isehlukaniso.

Nakuba ayenokukhathazeka okuzwakalayo, inkantolo ayizange ineliseke ngokuthi Ummangalelwa wayenokubandlululwa futhi isehlukaniso sagcina sivunyiwe. Njengoba isibopho sisehlangothini eliphikisa isehlukaniso sokubonisa ubandlululo, ijaji lenkantolo lenze iphutha ngokufuna ukuba umyeni anikeze izizathu zokusinikeza isehlukaniso. Ikakhulukazi, Inkantolo Yokudluliswa Kwamacala ibhekisele kuphaseji kusuka Daley v. Daley [[1989] BCJ 1456 (SC)], egcizelela ukuthi ukubambezeleka kwesehlukaniso akufanele kusetshenziswe njengendlela yokuxoxisana:

“Ukuvunyelwa kwesehlukaniso, ngaphambi kweNkantolo, akufanele kugodlwe njengendlela yeNkantolo yokuphoqa noma yiliphi iqembu ukuba lixazulule ezinye izinkinga ekuqulweni kwamacala. INkantolo, kulesi sigaba sokuqulwa kwamacala, kunoma yisiphi isenzakalo, ayikho esimweni sokunquma ukuthi ingabe inhlangano ethile yenqaba noma ibambezela ukukhokhela imiphumela yesimangalo ngenxa yokungalaleli kwayo, ngenxa yokuqapha ngokweqile, noma okuthile okusebenzayo. isizathu sokwenza kanjalo.”

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