Ndisoloko ndibuzwa malunga nokuba kunokwenzeka ukubekela bucala isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato. Abanye abathengi bafuna ukwazi ingaba isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato siya kubakhusela na ukuba ubudlelwane babo buqhawukile. Abanye abaxumi banesivumelwano saphambi komtshato abangonwabanga ngaso kwaye bafuna sibekwe ecaleni.
Kweli nqaku, ndiza kuchaza ukuba izivumelwano zangaphambi komtshato zibekelwa bucala. Ndiza kubhala kwakhona malunga neNkundla ePhakamileyo ye-2016 yaseBritish Columbia apho isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato sibekwe bucala njengomzekelo.
UMthetho woSapho – UkuBeka ecaleni isiVumelwano soSapho ngokuMayela neCandelo lePropati
ICandelo lama-93 loMthetho woSapho linika abagwebi igunya lokubekela bucala isivumelwano sosapho. Nangona kunjalo, imigaqo ekwicandelo 93 kufuneka ifezekiswe phambi kokuba isivumelwano sosapho sibekelwe bucala:
93 (1) Eli candelo lisebenza ukuba amaqabane anesivumelwano esibhaliweyo esimalunga nokwahlulwa kwepropati kunye netyala, kunye nesiginitsha yeqabane ngalinye lingqinwe ngomnye umntu ubuncinane.
(2) Ngeenjongo zecandelwana (1), umntu omnye unokungqina umtyikityo ngamnye.
(3) Ngesicelo somlingane, iNkundla ePhakamileyo ingawubekela bucala okanye iwumisele umyalelo owenziwe phantsi kwesi Sahlulo sonke okanye inxalenye yesivumelwano esichazwe kwicandelwana (1) kuphela ukuba yanelisekile ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi meko zilandelayo bezikho xa kukho isivumelwano amaqela angene kwisivumelwano:
(a) iqabane liye lasilela ukuxela ngepropati ebalulekileyo okanye amatyala, okanye ezinye iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo kuthethathethwano lwesivumelwano;
(b) iqabane lisebenzise ithuba elingafanelekanga lokuba sesichengeni selinye iqabane, kubandakanywa ukungazi kwelinye iqabane, intswelo okanye unxunguphalo;
(c) iqabane khange liluqonde uhlobo okanye iziphumo zesivumelwano;
(d) ezinye iimeko ezinokuthi, phantsi komthetho woluntu, zibangele ukuba yonke okanye inxalenye yekhontrakthi ingasebenzi.
(4) INkundla ePhakamileyo ingala ukwenza phantsi kwecandelwana (3) ukuba, ngokuqwalasela bonke ubungqina, iNkundla ePhakamileyo ayiyi kuthatha indawo yesivumelwano ngomyalelo owahluke kakhulu kwimimiselo echazwe kwisivumelwano.
(5) Ngaphandle kwecandelwana (3), iNkundla ePhakamileyo isenokuthi iwubekele bucala okanye iwuthathele indawo umyalelo owenziwe phantsi kwesi siqendu sonke okanye inxalenye yesivumelwano ukuba yanelisekile ukuba akukho nanye kwezi meko zichazwe kweli candelwana eyayikho xa amaqela angena kwisivumelwano kodwa ukuba isivumelwano asilunganga kakhulu xa kuqwalaselwa oku kulandelayo:
(a)ubude bexesha eligqithileyo ukususela oko kwenziwe isivumelwano;
(b)injongo zabatshati, ekwenzeni isivumelwano, ukuzuza ingqiniseko;
(c)inqanaba abatshate abaxhomekeke kulo kwimiqathango yesivumelwano.
(6) Ngaphandle kwecandelwana (1), iNkundla ePhakamileyo ingasebenzisa eli candelo kwisivumelwano esibhaliweyo esingenangqina ukuba inkundla yanelisekile kuya kufaneleka ukwenza njalo kuzo zonke iimeko.
UMthetho woSapho waba ngumthetho nge-18 kaMatshi 2013. Ngaphambi kwaloo mhla, uMthetho woBudlelwane boSapho wawulawula umthetho wosapho kwiphondo. Izicelo zokubekela bucala izivumelwano ekungenwe kuzo phambi komhla we-18 kuMatshi, 2013 zigqitywa phantsi koMthetho woBudlelwane boSapho. ICandelo lama-65 loMthetho woBudlelwane boSapho inefuthe elifana necandelo lama-93 loMthetho woSapho:
65 (1) Ukuba amalungiselelo okwahlulwa kwempahla phakathi kwabalingane phantsi kwecandelo 56, iSigaba 6 okanye isivumelwano sabo somtshato, njengoko kunokuba njalo, asiyi kuba nobulungisa ngokuthathelwa ingqalelo.
(a) ixesha lomtshato,
(b) ubude bexesha apho amaqabane ahlala ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye ahlukene;
(c) umhla apho ipropati yafunyanwa okanye yachithwa ngayo;
(d) ubungakanani bempahla eyafunyanwa liqabane elinye ngelifa okanye isipho;
(e) iimfuno zomlingane ngamnye ukuze azimele okanye ahlale ezimele ngokwezoqoqosho, okanye
(f) naziphi na ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene nokufumana, ukugcinwa, ukulungiswa, ukuphuculwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwepropathi okanye amandla okanye ubutyala bomlingane;
iNkundla ePhakamileyo, ngesicelo, ingayalela ukuba impahla equkwa licandelo 56, iSigaba 6 okanye isivumelwano somtshato, njengoko kusenokuba njalo, yahlulwe ngokwezabelo ezimiswe yinkundla.
(2) Ukongeza okanye ngenye indlela, inkundla ingayalela ukuba enye impahla engabandakanywanga licandelo 56, iSigaba 6 okanye isivumelwano somtshato, njengoko kunokuba njalo, yelinye iqabane linikwe elinye iqabane.
(3) Ukuba ulwahlulo lomhlalaphantsi phantsi kweSiqendu 6 alunabulungisa kujongwe ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle kulwahlulo lwesabelo sepenshini efunyenwe ngaphambi komtshato kwaye akukho lula ukulungisa ulwahlulo ngokwabelwa kwakhona ilungelo kwenye impahla, iNkundla ePhakamileyo. , ngesicelo, inokwahlula inxalenye engabandakanyiweyo phakathi komlingane kunye nelungu kwizabelo ezimiswe yinkundla.
Ke ngoko, sinokubona ezinye zezinto ezinokweyisela inkundla ukuba isibekele bucala isivumelwano saphambi komtshato. Ezi zinto ziquka:
- Ukungaphumeleli ukuxela izinto, ipropathi, okanye ityala kwiqabane xa isivumelwano sasisayinwa.
- Ukuthatha inzuzo yemali yeqabane okanye obunye ubuthathaka, ukungazi, kunye noxinzelelo.
- Omnye wamaqela akayiqondi iziphumo ezisemthethweni zesivumelwano xa esisayina.
- Ukuba isivumelwano singasebenzi phantsi kwemigaqo yomthetho oqhelekileyo, njengale:
- Isivumelwano asinangqondo.
- Isivumelwano senziwe phantsi kweempembelelo ezingafanelekanga.
- Elinye lamaqela lalingenawo amandla asemthethweni okungena kwikhontrakthi ngexesha lokwenziwa kwesivumelwano.
- Ukuba isivumelwano saphambi komtshato besingenabulungisa ngokusekwe koku:
- Ubude bexesha ukusukela oko yasayinwa.
- Iinjongo zamaqabane okufumana ukuqinisekiswa xa besayina isivumelwano.
- Iqondo apho amaqabane axhomekeke kwimigaqo yesivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato.
HSS v. SHD, 2016 BCSC 1300 [HSS]
HSS yayilityala lomthetho wosapho phakathi kukaNksk. D, indlalifa esisityebi osapho lwakhe lwawela kumaxesha anzima, kunye noMnu. Ngexesha lomtshato kaMnu S noNksk. D, bobabini batyikitya isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato sokukhusela impahla kaNksk D. Noko ke, ngexesha lokuchotshelwa kwetyala, intsapho kaNksk. D yayilahlekelwe yimali eninzi. Nangona uNksk. D wayesengumfazi osisityebi ngokwazo zonke ii-akhawunti, efumene izigidi zeedola kwizipho kunye nelifa kwintsapho yakhe.
UMnu S wayengengomntu osisityebi ngexesha lomtshato wakhe, nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lovavanyo ngo-2016, wayenemali emalunga ne-20 yezigidi zeedola kubutyebi bomntu, ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini kune-asethi kaNksk D.
Amaqela ayenabantwana ababini abadala ngexesha lokuxoxwa kwetyala. Intombi endala, u-N, wayenobunzima obubalulekileyo bokufunda kunye ne-allergies ngelixa wayeselula. Ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo zika-N, uNksk. D kwafuneka ashiye umsebenzi wakhe ohlawula imali eninzi kwi-Human Resources ukuze anyamekele u-N ngelixa uMnu. S waqhubeka esebenza. Ngoko ke, uNksk. D wayengenamvuzo xa amaqela ahlukana ngo-2003, kwaye wayengakabuyeli kumsebenzi wakhe ohlawula imali eninzi ngo-2016.
Inkundla yagqiba ekubeni isibekele ecaleni isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato ngenxa yokuba uNksk. D noMnu. Ke ngoko, ukusilela kukaNksk D. Ukungabikho kwengeniso ngo-2016 kunye nokungabikho kokuzimela kwakhe kwaba sisiphumo esingalindelekanga sesivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato. Esi siphumo singalindelekanga sasithethelela ukubekela ecaleni isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato.
Indima yeGqwetha ekukhuseleni amalungelo akho
Njengoko ubona, kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato sinokubekelwa bucala. Ngoko ke, kunyanzelekile ukuba uyile kwaye usayine isivumelwano sakho saphambi komtshato ngoncedo lwegqwetha elinamava. Igqwetha lingabhala isivumelwano esicokisekileyo ukunciphisa amathuba okuba singabi nabulungisa kwixesha elizayo. Ngaphezu koko, igqwetha liya kuqinisekisa ukuba ukusayinwa nokwenziwa kwesivumelwano kuya kwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezinobulungisa ukwenzela ukuba isivumelwano singabi nakuphelelwa.
Ngaphandle koncedo lwegqwetha ekuyileni nasekuphunyezweni kwesivumelwano saphambi komtshato, amathuba okucela umngeni kwisivumelwano saphambi komtshato ayanda. Ukongezelela, ukuba isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato besiya kucelwa umngeni, bekunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba inkundla isibekele bucala.
Ukuba ucinga ngokufudukela neqabane lakho okanye ukutshata, qhagamshelana Amir Ghorbani malunga nokufumana isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato sokuzikhusela wena nepropati yakho.
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