Ukuba yimbacu eCanada: Ukwenza isicelo seMbacu

ICanada iphakathi kwamazwe aphezulu aneenkqubo zokunceda iimbacu ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele. Inkqubo yeembacu yaseKhanada yamkela nabaphi na abafuna indawo yokukhosela ababaleke ilizwe labo ngenxa yokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, okanye abangakwaziyo ukubuyela ekhaya kwaye bafuna ukukhuselwa.

I-Canada ngokufudukela kwamanye amazwe, iimbacu kunye nabemi baseKhanada (IRCC) yamkele iimbacu ezingaphezulu kwe-1,000,000 ukususela ngo-1980. Ekupheleni kuka-2021, i inani leembacu lalibalelwa kwi-14.74 ekhulwini labo bonke abahlali abasisigxina eCanada.

Imeko yangoku yeembacu eCanada

I-UNHCR ibeka iCanada njengelinye lamazwe abamba iimbacu ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela. Ngaphambi koSuku lweHlabathi lweeMbacu kulo nyaka uphelileyo, uRhulumente waseKhanada ubhengeze izicwangciso ezininzi zokwandisa ukwamkelwa kwababaleki kunye neentsapho zabo kunye nokukhawulezisa izicelo zabo zokuhlala ngokusisigxina.

ICanada ivulelekile ekwamkeleni iimbacu ezininzi njengoko ilizwe linokubamba. I-IRCC isandula ukukhupha ithagethi ehlaziyiweyo yabangeneleli abangaphezu kwama-431,000 ngo-2022. Le yinxalenye IziCwangciso zamaNqanaba okuFudukela eCanada ngo-2022-2024, kwaye ibeka indlela yokonyuka kweenjongo zokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe ukunceda uqoqosho lwaseKhanada ukuba lubuyele kwaye lukhulise ukukhula kwasemva kobhubhane. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sazo zonke iinkqubo zokwamkelwa kwabafundi ezicwangcisiweyo zikudidi lwe-Economic Class oluchaza indlela yokwandisa okujoliswe kuko kokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe ukukhuthaza ukuchacha koqoqosho lwasemva kobhubhani.

Ukusukela ngo-Agasti 2021, eCanada Yamkela ngaphezu kwe-15,000 yeembacu zase-Afghan ngokwamanani kaJuni ka-2022. Ngo-2018, iCanada yabekwa njengelizwe elinezona mbacu ziphakamileyo zokuhlaliswa kwabantu kwihlabathi liphela.

Indlela yokufumana iwonga lokubamba eCanada

Njengamazwe amaninzi, iCanada yamkela kuphela iimbacu ngokuthunyelwa. Awunakufaka isicelo sokuba yimbacu ngqo kuRhulumente waseCanada. URhulumente, nge-IRCC, ufuna imbacu ithunyelwe lelinye iqela xa izalisekisa zonke iimfuno zembacu.

I-Arhente yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yeeMbacu (UNHCR) ngowona mbutho uphambili otyunjiweyo wokuthumela. Amanye amaqela enkxaso yabucala, njengoko kuxoxwe ngawo ngezantsi, angakuthumela eCanada. Imbacu imele ibe yenye yezi klasi zimbini zeembacu ukuze ifumane ukuthunyelwa.

1. Iklasi yeembacu zakwamanye amazwe

Abantu bakolu didi kufuneka bahlangabezane nale miqathango ilandelayo:

• Bahlala ngaphandle kwamazwe abo.
• Abakwazi ukubuyela kumazwe abo ngenxa yokoyika intshutshiso esekelwe kubuhlanga, inkolo, imbono yezopolitiko, ubulungu kwiqela elithile lentlalo, njl.

2. Ilizwe leKlasi yokuKhusela

Abo bakolu didi lweembacu bafanele bazalisekise le miqathango:

• Bahlala ngaphandle kwelizwe labo mama okanye ilizwe abahlala kulo.
• Bamele ukuba bachatshazelwe ngokunzulu yimfazwe yamakhaya okanye bafumana ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu.

URhulumente waseKhanada uya kwamkela nayiphi na imbacu (phantsi kwezi klasi zombini), ukuba banokuzixhasa ngemali kunye neentsapho zabo. Nangona kunjalo, uyakufuna ukuthunyelwa kwi-UNHCR, umbutho ogunyazisiweyo wokuthumela, okanye iqela labucala lenkxaso.

IiNkqubo zoKhuseleko lwabaBaleki baseKhanada

Inkqubo yeembacu zaseKhanada isebenza ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Inkqubo yokuHlaliswa ngokutsha kweeMbaleki kunye noLuntu

INkqubo yokuHlaliswa ngokutsha kweeMbaleki kunye noLuntu inceda abantu abafuna ukukhuselwa ngaphandle kweCanada ngexesha lokufaka isicelo. Ngokwemimiselo yeenkqubo zokukhusela i-Refugee yaseCanada, i-United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) yiyona arhente enokuchonga ababaleki abafanelekileyo ukuba bahlaliswe kwakhona.

ICanada ikwaqhayisa ngothungelwano lwabaxhasi babucala kwilizwe liphela bavunyelwe ukuba baphinde bahlalise iimbacu eCanada ngokuqhubekayo. Zahlulwe ngokwamaqela alandelayo:

Abanini beSivumelwano seNkxaso

Le yimibutho yenkolo, yobuhlanga okanye yoluntu enezivumelwano zenkxaso ezityikityiweyo ezivela kuRhulumente waseCanada ukuxhasa iimbacu. Bangakwazi ukuxhasa iimbacu ngokuthe ngqo okanye basebenzisane namanye amalungu oluntu.

Amaqela amahlanu

Oku kuqulathe ubuncinci abantu abadala abahlanu abemi baseKhanada / abahlali abasisigxina abavumayo ukuxhasa ngemali kunye nokwamkela imbacu phakathi koluntu lwabo lwengingqi. Amaqela amahlanu abonelela imbaleki ngesicwangciso sokuhlala kunye nenkxaso yemali ukuya kuthi ga kunyaka.

Abaxhasi boluntu

Abaxhasi boluntu banokuba yimibutho okanye amaqumrhu axhasa iimbacu ngesicwangciso sokuhlala kunye nenkxaso yemali ukuya kuthi ga kunyaka omnye.

La maqela abaxhasi babucala anokudibana nezi mbacu ngokusebenzisa:

• I-Blended Visa Office-Referred (BVOR) Inkqubo - Inkqubo yamaqabane ababaleki abachongwe yi-UNHCR nomxhasi eCanada.
• Abantu ezicaweni, ekuhlaleni, amaqela enkcubeko, njl.

Ngaphantsi kwemithetho yaseKhanada, zonke iimbacu kufuneka zihlolwe ngokwaneleyo kuzo naziphi na izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho okanye iimeko zempilo kungakhathaliseki abaxhasi babo okanye inkqubo yokuhlaliswa kwakhona. I-IRCC ikwalindele ukuba iimbacu eziza eCanada zibe ngabantu abangenamakhaya kwaye bahlala kwiinkampu zeembacu iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba bafune indawo yokuhlala.

Ungasifaka njani isicelo seMeko yeMbaleki Phantsi kweNkqubo yokuHlaliswa ngokutsha kweeMbaleki zaseKhanada kunye noLuntu

Abantu abafuna ubume bembacu banokufumana iphakheji yesicelo epheleleyo Indawo ye-IRCC. Iiphakheji zezicelo ziquka zonke iifom eziyimfuneko zokufaka isicelo sokuhlaliswa ngokutsha kweembacu phantsi kwale nkqubo, ezifana nezi:

1. Ifomu malunga nemvelaphi yeembacu
2. Ifomu yabaXhomekekileyo abongezelelweyo
3. Iimbacu ngaphandle Canada ifomu
4. Ifomu yokuba imbacu isebenzise ummeli

Ukuba i-UNHCR okanye omnye umbutho othunyelwayo uthumela imbacu, i-IRCC yaphesheya iya kubakhokela ngendlela yokwenza isicelo kwiofisi yabo. Baza kuthumela imbaleki ileta yokuqinisekisa kunye nenombolo yefayile eyabelwe. Ukuba isicelo samkelwe, i-IRCC iya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba mayihlalise phi imbacu.

Nakuphi na ukuthunyelwa kweembacu liqela labucala elixhasayo kuya kufuna ukuba iqela eliphethe ukuthunyelwa lifake isicelo kwi-IRCC. Ukuba isicelo samkelwe, umbaleki uya kuhlaliswa kwindawo apho umxhasi wakhe ahlala khona.

Kuzo zombini ezi meko, i-IRCC iya kusebenzisana namaqabane ukulungiselela ukuthuthwa kwembacu kunye nokuhlaliswa. Akukho ntlawulo ihlawuliswayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yesicelo.

2. Inkqubo ye-Asylum yaseCanada

IKhanada nayo ineNkqubo ye-In-Canada Asylum yabantu abenza amabango okhuseleko lweimbacu ngaphakathi elizweni. Le nkqubo isebenza ukubonelela ngokhuseleko lwababaleki kwabo boyika ukutshutshiswa kwabo, ukuthuthunjiswa okanye isohlwayo esikhohlakeleyo kumazwe abo.

Inkqubo ye-Asylum yaseCanada ingqongqo, kwaye uninzi lwabantu aluvunyelwanga ukuba lufumane indawo yokukhosela kwiimeko ezinje:

1. Ukugwetywa kwangaphambili ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho olunzima
2. Ukukhanyelwa kwamabango embacu angaphambili

ECanada Ibhodi yabaNgeneleli kunye neembacu (IRB) uthatha isigqibo sokuba umntu uyahlangabezana na nemiqathango yokunikwa iwonga lokuba yimbacu phantsi kwenkqubo ye-In-Canada Asylum.

Ukufaka ibango lobume bembacu eCanada

Umntu unokwenza amabango embacu eCanada okanye ngaphandle kweKhanada ngeendlela ezilandelayo.

Ibango leembacu ngePort of Entry

Urhulumente waseCanada uvumela iimbacu ukuba zenze amabango okhuseleko xa zifika eCanada kumazibuko okungena njengezikhululo zeenqwelomoya, imida yomhlaba okanye amazibuko. Umntu uya kufuneka agcwalise udliwano-ndlebe olufanelekileyo kunye negosa elivela kwi-Arhente yeeNkonzo zeMda waseCanada (CBSA).

Ibango 'elifanelekileyo' liza kuthunyelwa kwiBhodi yeeMbacu yaseKhanada (IRB) ukuze kuchotshelwe yona. Ibango lembacu linokukhutshwa ukuba:

1. Umfaki-sicelo ngaphambili wenze ibango lembacu eCanada
2. Imbacu iye yenza ulwaphulo-mthetho olubi kwixesha elidlulileyo
3. Le mbacu yangena eKhanada idlula eUnited States.

Iimbacu ezifanelekileyo zinikwa iifomu ligosa le-CBSA ukuba zizalise ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe. Igosa liya kubonelela ngeFom yeBango (Bass of Claim Form) (BOC), ekufuneka ingeniswe kwilungu ngalinye losapho eliyimbacu zingadlulanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuba ibango lithunyelwe.

Iimbacu ezinamabango afanelekileyo zifanelekile:

1. Ukufikelela kwiNkqubo yezeMpilo yeThutyana yaseKhanada kunye nezinye iinkonzo. Baza kunikwa uXwebhu loMbango woKhuseleko lweMbacu ngokufanayo.
2. Ileta yoQinisekiso lokuThunyelwa iqinisekisa ukuba ibango lithunyelwe kwiIRB.

Ukwenza ibango emva kokufika eCanada

Ibango lokukhusela iimbacu elenziwe emva kokufika eCanada lifuna umenzi-sicelo ukuba afake isicelo esipheleleyo, kuquka onke amaxwebhu axhasayo kunye neFomu ye-BOC. Ibango kufuneka lingeniswe kwi-intanethi nge-Refugee Protection Portal. Iimfuno ezibalulekileyo apha ziikopi ze-elektroniki zamaxwebhu kunye neakhawunti ye-intanethi ukungenisa ibango

Iimbacu ezingakwaziyo ukungenisa amabango azo kwi-Intanethi emva kokufika eCanada zinokucela ukunikezela okufanayo ephepheni ngaphakathi kweCanada. Kungenjalo, banokusebenza nommeli oseCanada ukunceda ukugcwalisa nokufaka ibango egameni labo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani imbacu ukuba ifike eCanada emva kokuba inkxaso-mali yabo ivunyiwe?

Kungathatha ukuya kwiiveki ze-16 ukuba imbacu ifike eCanada emva kokuba inkxaso yabo yababaleki ivunyiwe. Amanqanaba abandakanyekayo phambi kokuhamba ngala;

1. Iveki enye yokuqhuba isicelo senkxaso
2. Iiveki ezisibhozo zokuba iimbacu zifumane amaphepha-mvume okundwendwela kunye namaphepha-mvume okuphuma, kuxhomekeka kwindawo ezikuyo
3. Iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu zokuba iimbacu zifumane amaxwebhu azo okuhamba

Ezinye izinto ezifana notshintsho olungalindelekanga kwimeko kwilizwe lembacu nazo zinokulibazisa ukuya eCanada.

Iingcamango zokugqibela

Iinkqubo zeembacu zaseKhanada zihlala zezona zibalaseleyo kwihlabathi, ngenxa yokuzimisela kwelizwe kunye nezicwangciso ezibekwe kakuhle zokwamkela abantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela ngakumbi. Urhulumente waseKhanada usebenzisana ngokusondeleyo namaqabane amaninzi kunye nabachaphazelekayo ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo ezinceda ababaleki ukuba baqhelane nobomi baseCanada.

Resources

Hlala kwakhona eCanada njengembacu
Ukufaka Isicelo Njengembacu ENdibanweni Okanye NjengoMncedi Wokunceda Abantu—Umntu Okhuselweyo Kwelinye Ilizwe
Indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yeembacu zaseKhanada
Ndisenza njani isicelo se-Asylum?
Ukwenza ibango lokukhuselwa kwembacu - 1. Ukwenza ibango

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