Njengomthetho ojwayelekile ngaphansi komthetho wokufuduka waseCanada, awukwazi ukuqala isicelo esingacelwanga noma esizenzakalelayo soHlolo Lobungozi Bangaphambi Kokususwa (i-PRRA) ngaphandle kokuthola isaziso esisemthethweni esivela kuMnyango (i-Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada / Canada Border Services Agency). Ngokwemigomo esemthethweni yaseCanada, lo mbhalo awusona “isimemo,” kodwa kunalokho usemthethweni. isaziso ukweluleka umuntu ngethuba lakhe lokufaka isicelo sokuvikelwa. Ngaphansi kweSigaba 160(1) soMthethosisekelo Imithethonqubo Yokuvikelwa Kwababaleki (SOR/2002-227), umuntu angathumela isicelo sokuvikelwa kuphela ngemva kokuba enikezwe isaziso ngokusemthethweni ngalokho nguMnyango.
Okuqukethwe
- Isidingo Esisemthethweni: Isaziso Ngaphansi Kwesigaba 160(1) se-IRPR
- Inkantolo Yomthetho Kahulumeni: u-Asfaw no-Munoz
- Okuhlukile Okusemthethweni Kwesidingo Sesaziso
- Izimfuneko Zokufaneleka kanye Nezikhawu Zesikhathi Ezisemthethweni (Isigaba 112 se-IRPA)
- Izinsuku Zokugcina Eziqinile kanye Nokumiswa Okusemthethweni Kokususwa (Izigaba 162 kanye no-163)
- Isifinyezo: Imithetho Yesaziso se-PRRA kanye Nesicelo
- Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Isidingo Esisemthethweni: Isaziso Ngaphansi Kwesigaba 160(1) se-IRPR
Uhlaka lokulawula olulawula izicelo ze-PRRA luqinile. Isigaba 160(1) soMthethosisekelo Imithethonqubo Yokuvikelwa Kwababaleki (IRPR), SOR/2002-227, ikubeka ngokusobala ukuthi "umuntu angafaka isicelo sokuvikelwa ngemuva kokunikezwa isaziso ngalokho nguMnyango."
Ukufaka isicelo esingacelwanga ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwalesi saziso esisemthethweni ngokuvamile akuphumelelanga. Uma ubhekana nokuhlolwa kwezingozi kanye nezithiyo zenqubo, xhumana nochwepheshe ummeli wababaleki eCanada iqinisekisa ukuthi amalungelo akho avikelwe ngaphakathi kohlaka olusemthethweni, njengoba uMnyango ngeke wamukele ukuthi kucutshungulwe noma kuhlolwe izethulo ezingacelwanga ngaphandle komsebenzi osemthethweni omisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngezimo zomuntu ngamunye kanye nezizathu zokungavunyelwa, abafakizicelo kufanele baqonde ukuthi izindlela ezahlukene zenqubo zisebenza kanjani ngokubukeza umehluko phakathi kwe-PRRA Ekhawulelwe kanye ne-PRRA Ejwayelekile ngaphansi komthetho wokufuduka waseCanada.
Inkantolo Yomthetho Kahulumeni: u-Asfaw no-Munoz
INkantolo Yombuso yaseCanada isiqinisekisile ngokuphindaphindiwe isidingo sesaziso esisemthethweni sangaphambilini ngaphambi kokuba umfakisicelo angafaka isicelo sokucatshangelwa kwe-PRRA ngokusemthethweni:
- Icala lika-Asfaw v. Canada (Ubuzwe kanye Nokufuduka), 2016 FC 366 (izigaba 11, 19): INkantolo Yombuso iqinisekisile ukuthi isicelo esithunyelwe ngaphambi kwesaziso asifanele phambi komenzi wesinqumo. INkantolo inqume ukuthi umfakisicelo “akanalo ilungelo elizenzakalelayo le-PRRA” futhi akanalo ilungelo elisemthethweni lokuphoqa uMnyango ukuthi ukhiphe isaziso se-PRRA uma kudingeka.
- Munoz v. Canada (Ukuphepha Komphakathi Nokulungela Okuphuthumayo), 2025 FC: INkantolo Yombuso igcizelele ukungabikho kwesaziso esisemthethweni, ibona ukuntuleka kobufakazi bokuthi noma yisiphi isicelo se-PRRA “sasifakwe ngendlela efanele, samukelwe ukuze sicutshungulwe” ngaphandle kokulandela izinyathelo zenqubo eziphoqelekile.
Okuhlukile Okusemthethweni Kwesidingo Sesaziso
The Imithethonqubo Yokuvikelwa Kwababaleki chaza okuhlukile okubili okusemthethweni ngaphansi kwezigaba 160(2), 165, kanye no-166 lapho isicelo singenziwa khona ngaphandle kokulinda isaziso esisha:
- Izicelo Ezilandelayo ze-PRRA (Isigaba 165): Uma i-PRRA yangaphambilini yomfakisicelo yenqatshwa futhi ehlala eCanada, angathumela isicelo esilandelayo ngaphansi kweSigaba 165 ngaphandle kokunikezwa isaziso esisha. Kodwa-ke, ukuthumela ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba kuyasebenza. hhayi hlala ngokuzenzakalelayo noma umise umyalelo wokususwa ophoqelelwayo.
- Ama-oda Okususa Enziwe Echwebeni Lokungena (Isigaba 166): Uma umyalelo wokususa ukhishwa ngqo endaweni yokungena, iSigaba 166 sinquma ukuthi isicelo sokuvikelwa kumele samukelwe “ngokushesha nje lapho umyalelo wokususa usenziwa.” Kulezi zimo ezithile, isaziso esibhaliwe esisemthethweni asidingeki.
Izimfuneko Zokufaneleka kanye Nezikhawu Zesikhathi Ezisemthethweni (Isigaba 112 se-IRPA)
Ukumane nje ungaphansi kwe-oda lokususwa akuniki ilungelo elizenzakalelayo lokufaka isicelo. Isigaba 112(1) soMthethosisekelo Umthetho Wokufudukela Kwabokufika kanye Nababaleki (IRPA) icacisa ukuthi i-PRRA isebenza kumuntu waseCanada ongaphansi komyalelo wokususwa osebenzayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhathi zokulinda ezisemthethweni kanye nemigoqo esemthethweni ngaphansi kweSigaba 112(2) se-IRPA kungavimbela ukwenziwa kwesicelo, okuhlanganisa:
- Ibha Yezinyanga Ezingama-12: Isikhathi sokulinda esiyimpoqo esingafika ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezimweni ezithile ngaphambi kokuba umuntu afaneleke ngokomthetho ukuhambisa i-PRRA.
- Ibha Yezinyanga Ezingama-36: Isikhathi sokulinda esifinyelela ezinyangeni ezingama-36 kubantu basemazweni aqokiwe.
Izinsuku Zokugcina Eziqinile kanye Nokumiswa Okusemthethweni Kokususwa (Izigaba 162 kanye no-163)
Uma isaziso sesikhishwe ngokusemthethweni, ukunamathela ezimisweni ezibekiwe ngokomthetho kubalulekile mayelana nokumiswa kwezinqubo zokususa:
- Isicelo Esitholiwe Zingakapheli Izinsuku Eziyi-15 (Isigaba 162): Uma isicelo se-PRRA sitholwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-15 kulandela isaziso, imithetho yokumisa ukususwa ngaphansi kweSigaba 162 iyasebenza, okumisa okwesikhashana ukuxoshwa ngenkathi ukuhlolwa kuqhubeka.
- Isicelo Esitholiwe Ngemva Kwezinsuku Eziyi-15 (Isigaba 163): Ngaphansi kweSigaba 163, isicelo esithunyelwe ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-15 siyakwenza lokho hhayi ukumisa ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ukumisa ukwenziwa kwe-oda lokususa.
Isifinyezo: Imithetho Yesaziso se-PRRA kanye Nesicelo
| Isimo / Ukuhlinzekwa | Ingabe Kudingeka Isaziso Sangaphambili? | Ukuhlala Ngokuzenzakalelayo Kokususwa? | Igunya Elibusayo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-PRRA yokuqala ejwayelekile | Yebo (Isaziso soMnyango) | Yebo, uma kufakwe zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-15 | I-IRPR, isigaba 160(1), 162 |
| I-PRRA yokuqala yesikhathi esidlule (> Izinsuku eziyi-15) | Yebo (Sekuvele kwaziwe) | Akukho ukuhlala okuzenzakalelayo | I-IRPR, isigaba 163 |
| I-PRRA Elandelayo (Ukwenqaba Kwangaphambili) | Asikho isaziso esisha esidingekayo | Akukho ukuhlala okuzenzakalelayo | I-IRPR, isigaba 160(2), 165 |
| I-oda Lokususa Imbobo Yokungena | Cha (Faka isicelo ngokushesha nje lapho i-oda selifakiwe) | Kubuswa yimithetho ye-POE | I-IRPR, isigaba 160(2), 166 |
| Ukufakwa Kwangaphambi Kwesikhathi (Ngaphambi Kwesaziso) | Akuvumelekile / Akwamukeleki | Akukho ukumiswa kokususwa | I-Asfaw, 2016 FC 366; Munoz, 2025 FC |
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Ngingaphoqa i-IRCC noma i-CBSA ukuthi ikhiphe isaziso sami se-PRRA?
Cha. Njengoba kuqinisekisiwe ku I-Asfaw v. Canada (2016 FC 366), umuntu akanalo ilungelo elizenzakalelayo le-PRRA futhi akanalo igunya elisemthethweni lokuphoqa uMnyango ukuthi ukhiphe isaziso ngesikhathi sakhe esikhethiwe.
Ingabe ukufaka isicelo se-PRRA esingacelwanga kuyayekisa ukuxoshwa kwami?
Cha. Izicelo ezingathunyelwanga ngaphambi kwesaziso ngokuvamile azamukelwa ukuze zicutshungulwe futhi azidali ukuvinjelwa kokususwa okuzenzakalelayo ngokomthetho.
Kwenzekani uma ngifaka isicelo sami se-PRRA ngemva kwesikhathi esibekiwe sezinsuku ezingu-15?
Ngokuvumelana neSigaba 163 se-IRPR, isicelo esithunyelwe ngemva kwefasitela lezinsuku ezingu-15 asizuzi ekumisweni okuzenzakalelayo komyalelo wokususwa ophoqelelwayo.
Ukuze uthole isiqondiso sezomthetho mayelana nemiyalelo yokususwa kanye nezinqubo zokuvikela, xhumana nethimba lezomthetho ku- Ukulinganisa kwenkampani Pax Law Corporation.
0 Amazwana