ICisa yaseCanada
Isikhathi Sokufunda
UKUFUNDA NGEMZUZU EYI-5
Uma uhlela ukuletha umndeni wakho eCanada, kuphakama umbuzo obalulekile: Ingabe umlingani wami angasebenza eCanada nge-visa encike kuye? Impendulo emfushane ithi: Yebo, kodwa kuphela uma oshade naye enemvume yokusebenza evumelekile nezimele. Ukungena nje eCanada njengomuntu oxhomeke kuwe noma njengesivakashi akuniki ilungelo lokusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Umthetho we-Canadian immigration ibeka imingcele eqinile mayelana nokugunyazwa kokuqashwa kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe. Ukuqonda lezi zici zomthetho kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe umsebenzi ongagunyaziwe, oletha imiphumela emibi kakhulu kwezomthetho.
Ngaphansi komthetho waseCanada, umthetho oyisisekelo uwukuthi akekho umuntu wangaphandle ongakwazi ukuqasha ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile. UMthetho Wokufuduka Nokuvikela Ababaleki (i-IRPA) uthi:
"Isizwe sakwamanye amazwe asikwazi ukusebenza noma ukufunda eCanada ngaphandle kokuthi sigunyaziwe ukwenza kanjalo ngaphansi kwalo Mthetho."
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IRPA iphawula ukuthi "Isikhulu singase, uma sifaka isicelo, sigunyaze isakhamuzi sakwamanye amazwe ukuthi sisebenze noma sifunde eCanada uma isakhamuzi sakwamanye amazwe sihlangabezana nemibandela ebekwe emithethweni." Ngakho-ke, imvume ayikaze icatshangelwe; kumele ifakwe isicelo futhi ivunywe ngokusemthethweni.
The Imithethonqubo Yokuvikelwa Kwababaleki (IRPR) baqinisa lo mkhawulo, besho ngokusobala ukuthi "Umuntu wakwelinye izwe akakwazi ukungena eCanada ukuzosebenza ngaphandle kokuthola imvume yokusebenza kuqala."
Ngenxa yalokho, ukuba "ne-visa exhomeke kuwe" noma ukungena eCanada njengesivakashi noma ilungu lomndeni elihambisana nawe akunikezi ngokwemvelo ilungelo lokufuna umsebenzi.
Imvume yokusebenza evulekile yomshado ayizimele ngokuphelele; ukusebenza kwayo kuncike kakhulu esimweni somfakisicelo oyinhloko. Lesi simiso sezomthetho sigcizelelwe ezinqumweni eziningana ezibalulekile zeNkantolo YaseCanada.
Uma kwenzeka kuba I-Likhi v. Canada (Ubuzwe kanye Nokufuduka), 2020 FC 171, iNkantolo Yombuso ichaze ukuthi umlingani ohambisana naye ufanelekela kuphela imvume yokusebenza evulekile uma isisebenzi esikhulu sakwamanye amazwe sihlangabezana nemibandela ethile. INkantolo iphawule esigabeni 17:
"Umlingani oxhomeke kuye ufanelekile kuphela ukufaka isicelo semvume yokusebenza evulekile uma isisebenzi sakwamanye amazwe esiyinhloko sihlala ngokoqobo, noma sihlela ukuhlala ngokoqobo, eCanada ngenkathi sisebenza"
Esigabeni 18 sesinqumo esifanayo, iNkantolo yanezela: “Njengoba uMnu. Sethi engenaso isimo eCanada njengamanje, akafaneleki ukusebenza njengomphathi wesicelo sikaNkz. Likhi semvume yokusebenza evulekile exhomeke kuye.” Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umfakisicelo oyinhloko elahlekelwa isimo sakhe esisemthethweni, ikhono lomlingani lokusebenza noma ukuvuselela imvume yakhe lingase libe sengozini noma lihoxiswe.
Uma imvume yokusebenza komlingani isekelwe ekutheni umfakisicelo oyinhloko unemvume yokufunda, umfakisicelo oyinhloko kumele ahlale ebhalisiwe njengomfundi wesikhathi esigcwele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesicelo.
In Icala likaBadial v. Canada (Ubuzwe kanye Nokufuduka), 2020 FC 108, iNkantolo igxile kakhulu kulesi sidingo. Isigaba 30 siqokomise:
"Inkinga kuphela kwakuwukuthi ngabe uqhubekile nokubhaliswa njengomfundi "wesikhathi esigcwele" ... njengoba kudingwa yisigaba 205(c)(ii) seMithethonqubo."
INkantolo yaqhubeka yaphawula esigabeni 37 ukuthi “Iqiniso lokuthi uNkk. Kaur kungenzeka ukuthi wayengumfundi “wesikhathi esigcwele” esikhathini esidlule alisho ukuthi wayekhona ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo soMfakisicelo semvume yokusebenza evulekile.” Ukuthobela imithetho kwesikhathi esidlule akuthathi indawo yesimo samanje esisebenzayo lapho oshade naye efaka isicelo semvume yakhe yokusebenza.
Kwabalingani bezisebenzi zakwamanye amazwe, umthetho wakamuva uqokomisa ukuthi izinga elithile lamakhono kanye nesigaba somsebenzi somfakisicelo oyinhloko kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukufaneleka kweMvume Yokusebenza Evulekile.
In Icala likaVahdad v. Canada (Ubuzwe kanye Nokufuduka), 2024 FC 2009, iNkantolo Yombuso icaphune imiyalelo yokuphatha echaza ukuthi umfakisicelo oyinhloko kumele "ukuqashwa noma uzoqashwa emsebenzini onamakhono aphezulu (TEER 0, 1, 2 noma 3 …)".
Le nqubo yaqinisekiswa kabusha ku- Icala likaSingh v. Canada (Ubuzwe kanye Nokufuduka), 2026 FC 544, lapho iNkantolo yathi:
"Umfudlana owodwa we-OWP uvumela amalungu omndeni wabantu bakwamanye amazwe abagunyaziwe ukusebenza emisebenzini enamakhono aphezulu - okusho umsebenzi owela ngaphansi kokuqeqeshwa, imfundo, ulwazi, kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo [TEER] izigaba 0, 1, 2 noma 3 - ukuthi bahambisane noma bajoyine eCanada."
Cha. Ukungena nje njengomuntu oxhomeke kuwe noma ukuba ne-visa yezivakashi akunikezi imvume yokusebenza. Oshade naye kumele abe nedokhumenti ehlukile enesihloko esithi “Imvume Yokusebenza Evulekile” ukuze asebenze ngokusemthethweni eCanada.
Ngenxa yokuthi imvume yokusebenza evulekile yomlingani incike esimweni somfakisicelo oyinhloko, uma umfakisicelo oyinhloko elahlekelwa yisimo noma ehluleka ukuhlala eCanada, umlingani akaba ofanelekile ukugcina noma ukuvuselela imvume yakhe yokusebenza evulekile exhomeke kuye.
Cha. Umfakisicelo oyinhloko kumele abe ubhalise ngokugcwele njengomfundi wesikhathi esigcwele ngaphansi kweSigaba 205(c)(ii) seMithethonqubo ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo semvume yokusebenza evulekile. Ukubhalisa kwangaphambilini isikhathi esigcwele akwanele.
Yebo. Ngaphansi kwemikhakha ethile, umfakisicelo oyinhloko kumele aqashwe noma abe nesiphakamiso somsebenzi onekhono eliphezulu owela ngaphansi kwezigaba ze-TEER 0, 1, 2, noma 3 ukuze umlingani afanelekele imvume yokusebenza evulekile.
Ulwazi olunikezwe lungolwezinjongo zolwazi nezemfundo kuphela futhi lungase lungabi olunembile. Lolu lwazi aluthathi indawo yokuthola iseluleko sezomthetho kummeli oqeqeshiwe nosebenzayo. Uma ubhekene nenkinga yezomthetho, kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti bese uthintana nomunye wabameli bethu abanelayisensi nabasebenzayo.
Thola uhlaka olusemthethweni ngemuva kwezizathu eziyi-12 ezivame kakhulu zokwenqatshwa kwama-visa ezivakashi zaseCanada kanye nezindlela eziqondile zomthetho zokuziguqula. Funda ukuthi ungasiphikisa kanjani ngokusemthethweni isinqumo esingenangqondo ngesicelo esisha noma i-Federal Court Judicial Review ukuze usindise izinhlelo zakho zokuhamba.
Hlola izinqubo zokugxiviza amaphasiphothi e-Canada ezikhumulweni zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe, okubalulekile kubavakashi nabangaphandle abazulazula ngokungena ngokushelela.
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