Umthetho weMfuduko kunye neeMbacu
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Ukuphendula Iyintoni iNkqubo yoNyulo lwePhondo laseKhanada (i-PNP) phantsi kweCandelo 87 le-IRPR? ifuna ukuphonononga isakhelo esichanekileyo somthetho esisekwe phantsi kwemithetho yokufuduka karhulumente. Inkqubo yokuNyulwa kwePhondo sisikimu esisemthethweni phantsi kweCandelo 87 leMithetho yokuFudukela nokuKhuselwa kwabaPhepheli (IRPR) evumela amaphondo kunye nemimandla ukuba ityumbe abemi bamanye amazwe ababonakalisa amandla okuzinza ngokwezoqoqosho phantsi kolawulo lwabo oluthile. Isatifikethi sokutyumba esisebenzayo sinika abemi bamanye amazwe abafanelekileyo kunye namalungu osapho lwabo abahamba nabo indlela eya ekuhlaleni ngokusisigxina eKhanada, ukuba nje yonke imiqathango esemthethweni kunye neemfuno zokwamkelwa karhulumente ziyaneliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuhamba kwisakhelo somthetho kufuna ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ulwahlulo lomthetho phakathi kwemithetho yokufuduka karhulumente kunye nezixhobo zomgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo. KwiPax Law Corporation, iingcali zethu zomthetho zihlalutya isiseko somthetho esilawula ukutyunjwa kwephondo ukuze zinike isikhokelo esicacileyo somthetho.
Ingongoma eqhelekileyo yokudideka kwezomthetho ibandakanya ukutolikwa gwenxa kwemigaqo yodidi lwabatyunjwa bephondo kumthetho oyintloko, UMthetho woKhuseleko lweMfuduko kunye neeMbacu (IRPA). Kuyilo lomthetho, iCandelo 87 le-IRPA liphathelele kwizicelo zokungadalulwa kolwazi ngexesha leenkqubo zokuhlolwa kwenkundla. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, udidi lwabatyunjwa bephondo ngokwalo luchazwe ngokusesikweni kwaye lwenziwe phantsi kweCandelo 87 le IMigration kunye neMithetho yoKhuseleko lweMbacu (IRPR).
Ukuqonda iinkcazo zomthetho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo—nokuba kuhlalutywa imiyalelo yokufuduka karhulumente, iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha zephondo, okanye izikhokelo zomthetho ezahlukeneyo ezifana umthetho wokungena ngenkani eKhanada kunye noMthetho we-BC Trespass—ifuna ukutolikwa okuchanekileyo komthetho ukuze kuthintelwe ukungqubana kwemigangatho yomthetho.
“87 (1) Ngeenjongo zecandelo elingaphantsi kwe-12(2) loMthetho, udidi lwabatyunjwa bephondo luchazwa njengodidi lwabantu abanokuba ngabahlali abasisigxina ngokusekelwe ekubeni bayakwazi ukuzinza kwezoqoqosho eCanada.”
NgokweCandelo 87(2) le-IRPR, ummi wangaphandle uyafaneleka ukuba lilungu leklasi yabatyunjwa bephondo ukuba utyunjwe kwisatifikethi sokutyunjwa esisebenzayo esizalisekisa imiqathango emithathu eqokelelweyo ngaxeshanye:
ICandelo 87(3) le-IRPR limisela umda ocacileyo wolawulo malunga novavanyo lweziseko zoqoqosho kunye nenjongo yokuhlala. Ulwimi olusemthethweni lunika ngokucacileyo lo msebenzi kwiphondo elityumbayo:
“87 (3) Urhulumente wephondo okhupha isatifikethi sokutyunjwa unoxanduva olulodwa lokuvavanya, ngokweekhrayitheriya zokukhetha zephondo ezivunyiweyo ngokubhaliweyo nguMphathiswa, zombini amandla ommi wangaphandle okuzinza kwezoqoqosho eCanada kunye nenjongo yakhe yokuhlala kuloo phondo.”
Amagosa okufuduka karhulumente angoovandlakanyi abasemthethweni bovavanyo loqoqosho lwephondo okanye injongo yokuhlala kwinqanaba lokuqala lokutyunjwa; uxanduva luxhomekeke kuphela kwigunya lephondo elikhupha isatifikethi phantsi kwemiqathango evunyiweyo ngurhulumente.
Ukuthintela ukwenziwa kwemali yesimo sokuhlala ngokusisigxina, iCandelo 87(5) le-IRPR libeka imida engqongqo ngokomthetho. Ummi wangaphandle uya kugxothwa kwiklasi yabatyunjwa bephondo ukuba ukutyunjwa kuxhomekeke koku kulandelayo:
Kukho umahluko phantsi kweCandelo 87(6), apho utyalo-mali lubotshelelwe kwishishini elisebenzayo, elisebenzayo ngaphakathi kwiphondo apho ummi wangaphandle ethatha ulawulo olusebenzayo, ulawulo, kunye nobunini bezabelo, njengoko kuvunyelwe yimigangatho yolawulo.
Ngokuhambelana neCandelo 87(12) le-IRPR, amalungu osapho ahamba naye ofake isicelo oyintloko kudidi lwabatyunjwa bephondo aya kunikwa isikhundla sokuba ngumhlali osisigxina ngaphandle kokuba umfaki-sicelo oyintloko ephumelele ukufumana indawo yokuhlala esisigxina kwaye amalungu osapho awathathwa njengangavumelekanga phantsi kwe-IRPA.
Ngokwendawo, isakhelo seklasi yabatyunjwa bephondo sisebenza kuwo onke amaphondo kunye nemimandla ethatha inxaxheba (njengeBritish Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland kunye neLabrador, kunye neYukon) ezigcina izivumelwano ezisebenzayo phantsi kweCandelo 8 loMthetho. IQuebec ikhutshelwe ngaphandle ngokomthetho kwisakhelo seCandelo 87 le-IRPR, njengoko isebenza phantsi kolawulo lomthetho olwahlukileyo oluchazwe phantsi kwemigaqo yeCandelo labaSebenzi abanezakhono laseQuebec.
Kubalulekile ukwahlula imiqathango esemthethweni kwiindlela zokucubungula ulawulo. Ukongezwa kwamanqaku angama-600 e-Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) kubaviwa be-Express Entry abafumana ukutyunjwa kwephondo ngumgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo omiselwe yi-Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) ukuze kubekwe phambili abatyunjwa bephondo ngaphakathi kwidama likarhulumente. Inani elithi "amanqaku angama-600" aliveli kumbhalo osemthethweni weCandelo lama-87 le-IRPR, kodwa limela ukuhlanganiswa kokusebenza kodidi lwabatyunjwa bephondo olusemthethweni kwinkqubo ye-Express Entry karhulumente.
| Ilungiselelo loLawulo | Imfuneko/Umyalelo Wezomthetho | UGunyaziwe woMthetho |
|---|---|---|
| ICandelo 87(1) le-IRPR | Umisela udidi lwabatyunjwa bephondo njengodidi lokuhlala ngokusisigxina ngokwezoqoqosho. | Imigaqo yoKhuseleko lokuFuduka kunye nokuKhuselwa kwabaPhepheli |
| ICandelo 87(2) le-IRPR | Umisela imiqathango emithathu eyimfuneko (Isivumelwano, Imvume yoMphathiswa, Injongo/Ukusekwa). | Imigaqo yoKhuseleko lokuFuduka kunye nokuKhuselwa kwabaPhepheli |
| ICandelo 87(3) le-IRPR | Inika uxanduva olulodwa kwiphondo elikhuphayo lokuvavanya ukusekwa koqoqosho kunye nenjongo yokuhlala. | Imigaqo yoKhuseleko lokuFuduka kunye nokuKhuselwa kwabaPhepheli |
| ICandelo 87(5) le-IRPR | Iyakwalela ukutyunjwa ngokusekelwe kuphela kwizibonelelo zemali okanye kwiinkqubo zotyalo-mali olungasebenziyo. | Imigaqo yoKhuseleko lokuFuduka kunye nokuKhuselwa kwabaPhepheli |
| ICandelo lama-8 le-IRPA | Inika uMphathiswa igunya lokungena kwizivumelwano zomthetho noorhulumente bamaphondo. | UMthetho woKhuselo lokuFuduka nokuBaleka |
Inkqubo yoNyulo lwePhondo ilawulwa liCandelo 87 leMigqaliselo yoKhuseleko lokuFuduka nokuBalekelwa kweeMbacu (i-IRPR), emisela udidi lwabantu abanokuba ngabemi abasisigxina ngokusekelwe kubuchule babo bokuzinza ngokwezoqoqosho kwiphondo kunye nenjongo yabo yokuhlala apho.
Hayi. Amanqaku e-600 Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) ongezwe kwi-Express Entry amele indlela yomgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo endaweni yolungiselelo olucacileyo lomthetho ngaphakathi kombhalo we-IRPR.
Phantsi kweCandelo 87(3) le-IRPR, urhulumente wephondo okhuphayo unoxanduva lokuvavanya amandla omfaki-sicelo okuzinza kwezoqoqosho kunye nenjongo yakhe yokuhlala kuloo phondo.
Hayi. Isiqendu 87(5)(a) asibafanelekanga abemi bamanye amazwe abatyunjwe ngokusekwe kuphela ekuboneleleni ngemali okanye ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zotyalo-mali ezinxulumene nokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe, ngaphandle kweemeko ezithile zokusebenza kweshishini ezichazwe kwiCandelo 87(6).
Ulwazi olunikiweyo lulungiselelwe ulwazi nemfundo kuphela kwaye lusenokungachaneki. Olu lwazi aluthathi indawo yokufumana ingcebiso yezomthetho kwigqwetha eliqeqeshiweyo nelisebenzayo. Ukuba ujongene nengxaki yezomthetho, kuya kufuneka wenze idinga kwaye udibane nomnye wamagqwetha ethu anelayisenisi nasebenza.
Ngaba uyazibuza ukuba iCanada iwuthatha njani umbaleki? Uyaqonda umahluko olula kodwa obalulekileyo phakathi kokujongana nentshutshiso ejoliswe kuyo kunye nokujongana nomngcipheko wokwenzakala.
Ingaba isicelo sakho sokuxhaswa kweqabane lakho laseKhanada asingqinelani ne-IRCC? Fumanisa indlela amagosa okufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye neNkundla yeSizwe abavavanya ngayo ubudlelwane bokwenyani phantsi kweCandelo lesi-4 le-IRPR. Jonga uluhlu lwethu olupheleleyo lwezomthetho—ukusuka kwiingxelo zokuhamba kunye nobungqina bezemali ukuya ekuphepheni imingcipheko ebulalayo yokuthembeka—ukuqinisekisa ukuba umtshato wakho uyaphumelela kuvavanyo lokugqibela.
Ujongene nemibuzo evela kumagosa e-visa e-IRCC malunga nokumka eKhanada emva kokuhlala kwakho? Fumanisa indlela ukuthumela amaxwebhu afanelekileyo abonisa ukuba ufuna ukubuyela e-Iran phantsi kwemithetho ye-IRPR kunye nemizekelo yeNkundla yeSizwe enokukhusela ngayo isicelo sakho se-visa yexeshana ekwaliweni.
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