Njengomthetho jikelele phantsi komthetho wokufuduka waseKhanada, awunakuqalisa isicelo esingacelwanga okanye esizenzekelayo soVavanyo loMngcipheko wangaphambi kokususwa (i-PRRA) ngaphandle kokufumana isaziso esisemthethweni esivela kwiSebe (i-Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada / Canada Border Services Agency). Ngokwesigama esisemthethweni saseKhanada, olu xwebhu alukho "isimemo," kodwa lusemthethweni. saziso ukwazisa umntu ngethuba lakhe lokufaka isicelo sokukhuselwa. Phantsi kweCandelo 160(1) loMthetho IMigration yoKhuseleko lweMbacu (SOR/2002-227), umntu unokungenisa isicelo sokukhuselwa kuphela emva kokuba enikwe isaziso esisemthethweni ngaloo nto liSebe.
Isiqulatho
- Imfuneko Esemthethweni: Isaziso Phantsi kweCandelo 160(1) le-IRPR
- Inkundla yoMthetho yeSizwe: uAsfaw noMunoz
- Izinto Ezingabandakanywanga Ngokwemithetho Kwimfuneko Yesaziso
- Iimfuneko zokufaneleka kunye neeBhari zeXesha ezisemthethweni (iCandelo le-IRPA 112)
- Imihla Emisiweyo Engqongqo kunye Nokumiswa Okusemthethweni Kokususwa (Icandelo 162 kunye ne-163)
- Isishwankathelo: Imithetho yeSaziso se-PRRA kunye neSicelo
- Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo (FAQ)
Imfuneko Esemthethweni: Isaziso Phantsi kweCandelo 160(1) le-IRPR
Isakhelo solawulo esilawula izicelo ze-PRRA singqongqo. Icandelo 160(1) loMthetho IMigration yoKhuseleko lweMbacu (IRPR), SOR/2002-227, icacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba "umntu angafaka isicelo sokukhuselwa emva kokuba enikwe isaziso ngaloo nto liSebe."
Ukungenisa isicelo esingacelwanga ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwesi saziso sisemthethweni ngokubanzi akusebenzi. Xa ujongana novavanyo lomngcipheko kunye nemiqobo yenkqubo, bonisana nomntu ofanelekileyo igqwetha lababaleki eCanada iqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo akho akhuselekile ngaphakathi kwesakhelo esisemthethweni, njengoko iSebe lingayi kwamkela ukuba kucutshungulwe okanye kuhlolwe iziphakamiso ezingacelwanga ngaphandle komsebenzi osemthethweni omiselweyo.
Ukongeza, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zomntu ngamnye kunye nezizathu zokungamkeleki, abafaki-zicelo kufuneka baqonde indlela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo ezisebenza ngayo ngokuphonononga umahluko phakathi kwe-PRRA eNgqongileyo kunye ne-PRRA eqhelekileyo phantsi komthetho wokufuduka waseKhanada.
Inkundla yoMthetho yeSizwe: uAsfaw noMunoz
INkundla yeSizwe yaseKhanada iye yaqinisekisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo imfuneko yesaziso esisemthethweni sangaphambili ngaphambi kokuba umfaki-sicelo abe nebango elifanelekileyo lokuqwalaselwa kwe-PRRA:
- Ityala lika-Asfaw v. Canada (Ubuzwe kunye nokuFuduka), 2016 FC 366 (iziqendu 11, 19): INkundla yeSizwe iqinisekisile ukuba isicelo esingeniswe ngaphambi kwesaziso asikafiki ngokufanelekileyo phambi komenzi wesigqibo. INkundla igqibe kwelokuba umfaki-sicelo “akanalo ilungelo elizenzekelayo kwi-PRRA” kwaye akanalo ilungelo elisemthethweni lokunyanzela iSebe ukuba likhuphe isaziso se-PRRA xa kufuneka.
- UMunoz v. Canada (Ukhuseleko loLuntu kunye noLungiselelo lweNgxakeko), 2025 FC: INkundla yeSizwe igxininise ukungabikho kwesaziso esisemthethweni, ibona ukungabikho kobungqina bokuba nasiphi na isicelo sePRRA "sifakwe, samkelwa ukuba siqwalaselwe" ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokulandela amanyathelo ayimfuneko enkqubo.
Izinto Ezingabandakanywanga Ngokwemithetho Kwimfuneko Yesaziso
The IMigration yoKhuseleko lweMbacu chaza iimeko ezimbini ezichaseneyo zomthetho phantsi kwamacandelo 160(2), 165, kunye ne-166 apho isicelo singenziwa ngaphandle kokulinda isaziso esitsha:
- Izicelo ezilandelayo ze-PRRA (Icandelo 165): Ukuba i-PRRA yangaphambili yomfaki-sicelo yaliwe kwaye bahlala eKhanada, banokungenisa isicelo esilandelayo phantsi kweCandelo 165 ngaphandle kokunikwa isaziso esitsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukungenisa phantsi kweli lungiselelo akwenzi hayi ngokuzenzekelayo okanye umise umyalelo wokususwa onyanzeliswayo.
- Imiyalelo Yokususa Eyenziwe Kwiziko Lokungena (Icandelo 166): Xa umyalelo wokususwa ukhutshwa ngqo kwindawo yokungena, iCandelo 166 liyalela ukuba isicelo sokukhuselwa kufuneka sifunyenwe “kwangoko nje ukuba umyalelo wokususwa wenziwe.” Kwezi meko zithile, isaziso esibhaliweyo esisemthethweni asifuneki kwangaphambili.
Iimfuneko zokufaneleka kunye neeBhari zeXesha ezisemthethweni (iCandelo le-IRPA 112)
Ukuba phantsi komyalelo wokususwa akuniki ilungelo elizenzekelayo lokufaka isicelo. Icandelo 112(1) loMthetho Ukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye noMthetho woKhuseleko lweeMbacu (IRPA) icacisa ukuba i-PRRA isebenza kumntu waseKhanada ophantsi komyalelo wokususwa osebenzayo.
Ngaphezu koko, amaxesha okulinda asemthethweni kunye nemida esemthethweni phantsi kweCandelo 112(2) le-IRPA inokuthintela ukwenziwa kwesicelo, kuquka:
- Ibha yeenyanga ezingama-12: Ixesha lokulinda elinyanzelekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezili-12 kwiimeko ezithile ngaphambi kokuba umntu afaneleke ngokusemthethweni ukungenisa i-PRRA.
- Ibha yeenyanga ezingama-36: Ixesha lokulinda elifikelela kwiinyanga ezingama-36 kubemi bamazwe athile.
Imihla Emisiweyo Engqongqo kunye Nokumiswa Okusemthethweni Kokususwa (Icandelo 162 kunye ne-163)
Nje ukuba isaziso sikhutshwe ngokusesikweni, ukuthotyelwa kwemihla ngemihla esemthethweni kubalulekile malunga nokumiswa kwenkqubo yokususa umntu:
- Isicelo Esifunyenwe Kwiintsuku Ezili-15 (Icandelo 162): Ukuba isicelo se-PRRA sifunyenwe kwiintsuku ezili-15 emva kwesaziso, imiqathango yokumiswa kokususwa phantsi kweCandelo 162 iyasebenza, imisa okwethutyana ukugxothwa kwabantu ngelixa uvavanyo luqhubeka.
- Isicelo Esifunyenweyo Emva Kweentsuku Ezili-15 (Icandelo 163): Phantsi kweCandelo 163, isicelo esingeniswe emva kokuphela kwexesha leentsuku ezili-15 siyakwenza oku hayi ukuyeka ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukumisa ukuphunyezwa komyalelo wokususwa.
Isishwankathelo: Imithetho yeSaziso se-PRRA kunye neSicelo
| Imeko / Ulungiselelo | Ngaba Isaziso Sangaphambili Siyimfuneko? | Ukuhlala Ngokuzenzekelayo Kokususwa? | Igunya Elilawulayo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-PRRA yokuqala eqhelekileyo | Ewe (Isaziso seSebe) | Ewe, ukuba ifayilishwe zingadlulanga iintsuku ezili-15 | IRPR, ss. 160(1), 162 |
| I-PRRA yokuqala emva kwexesha (> iintsuku ezili-15) | Ewe (Sele ndazisiwe) | Akukho kuhlala ngokuzenzekelayo | IRPR, s. 163 |
| I-PRRA elandelayo (Ukwala kwangaphambili) | Akukho saziso sitsha sifunekayo | Akukho kuhlala ngokuzenzekelayo | IRPR, ss. 160(2), 165 |
| Umyalelo wokususwa kwePort of Entry | Hayi (Faka isicelo kwangoko nje ukuba iodolo yenziwe) | Ilawulwa yimithetho ye-POE | IRPR, ss. 160(2), 166 |
| Ukufakwa Kwangaphambi Kwexesha (Ngaphambi Kwesaziso) | Ayisebenzi / Ayimkelwanga | Akukho kumiswa kokususwa | I-Asfaw, 2016 FC 366; Munoz, 2025 FC |
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo (FAQ)
Ndinganyanzela i-IRCC okanye i-CBSA ukuba ikhuphe isaziso sam se-PRRA?
Hayi. Njengoko kuqinisekisiweyo kwi U-Asfaw v. Canada (2016 FC 366), umntu akanalo ilungelo elizenzekelayo kwi-PRRA kwaye akanalo igunya elisemthethweni lokunyanzela iSebe ukuba likhuphe isaziso ngexesha alikhethileyo.
Ngaba ukufaka isicelo se-PRRA esingacelwanga kuya kuyithintela into yokugxothwa kwam?
Hayi. Imiyalezo engacelwanga ethunyelwe ngaphambi kwesaziso ayivumelekanga ukuba iqwalaselwe kwaye ayidali ukurhoxiswa okuzenzekelayo ngokomthetho.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndingenisa isicelo sam se-PRRA emva komhla wokugqibela weentsuku ezili-15?
NgokweCandelo 163 le-IRPR, isicelo esingeniswe emva kwesithuba seentsuku ezili-15 asizuzi ekumisweni ngokuzenzekelayo komyalelo wokususwa onyanzeliswayo.
Ukuze ufumane isikhokelo sezomthetho malunga nemiyalelo yokususwa kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko, nxibelelana neqela lezomthetho ku Pax Law Corporation.
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