Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Nkag Tebchaws Canadian ncua sijhawm? Ib tsab ntawv ntawm Mandamus tuaj yeem pab

Introduction

Undoubtedly, immigrating mus rau ib lub teb chaws tshiab yog ib tug loj thiab lub neej-hloov kev txiav txim siab uas yuav siv sij hawm ntau xav txog thiab npaj. Txawm hais tias kev xaiv nkag tebchaws thiab pib lub neej tshiab hauv ib lub tebchaws txawv tebchaws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txaus siab, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab vim tias koj yuav ntsib ntau yam nyuaj. Ib qho ntawm cov kev txhawj xeeb lossis cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem yog qeeb hauv kev ua koj daim ntawv thov. Kev ncua ua rau tsis paub meej thiab muaj txoj hauv kev los tsim kev ntxhov siab tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm muaj kev ntxhov siab. Ua tsaug, Pax Law Corporation nyob ntawm no los pab. Xa ib tsab ntawv ntawm mandamus tuaj yeem pab hloov cov txheej txheem nrog thiab yuam Kev Nkag Tebchaws, Neeg tawg rog thiab Kev Xam Xaj Canada ("IRCC") los ua nws txoj haujlwm, ua tiav koj daim ntawv thov nkag tebchaws thiab txiav txim siab.

Daim ntawv thov nkag teb chaws Backlogs thiab kev ua haujlwm qeeb

Yog tias koj tau xav txog kev nkag tebchaws mus rau Canada, koj yuav paub tias Canada txoj kev nkag tebchaws tsis ntev los no tau ntsib teeb meem qeeb thiab teeb meem rov qab. Thaum cov neeg txawv teb chaws feem ntau lees txais tias kev nkag tebchaws mus rau Canada yuav yog cov txheej txheem raws sijhawm thiab kev ua haujlwm qeeb yuav tsum tau ua, kev rov qab thiab sijhawm tos tau nce ntau ntau xyoo dhau los. Kev ncua sij hawm yog vim qhov kev npaj txhij txog COVID-19 kis thoob qhov txhia chaw thiab muaj teeb meem ua ntej nrog IRCC, xws li kev tsis txaus ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub, thiab tsis muaj peev txheej los ntawm tsoomfwv los daws cov teeb meem hauv qab.

Txawm tias qhov ua rau ncua sij hawm tuaj yeem yog, Pax Law Corporation tau nruab los pab peb cov neeg siv khoom. Yog tias koj tab tom ntsib qhov kev ncua tsis tsim nyog hauv kev ua tiav koj daim ntawv thov nkag tebchaws, ua raws li phau ntawv qhia no kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas daim ntawv sau ntawm mandamus tuaj yeem pab tau, lossis tiv tauj peb ntawm Pax Law Corporation kom pom tias peb tuaj yeem pab tau li cas. 

Dab tsi yog Kev Sau Ntawv ntawm Mandamus?

Kev sau ntawv ntawm mandamus yog muab los ntawm lus Askiv txoj cai lij choj thiab yog ib qho kev txiav txim plaub ntug lossis Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Txiav Txim Siab uas tau muab los ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Qib Siab rau ntawm lub tsev hais plaub qis, tsoomfwv lub cev, lossis tsoomfwv cov cai los ua nws txoj haujlwm raws li txoj cai.

Hauv txoj cai lij choj nkag tebchaws, daim ntawv sau ntawm mandamus tuaj yeem siv los nug Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tsev Hais Plaub kom xaj IRCC ua koj daim ntawv thov thiab txiav txim siab nyob rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Kev sau ntawv ntawm mandamus yog ib qho kev kho tshwj xeeb uas yog nyob ntawm qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua rooj plaub thiab tsuas yog siv qhov kev ncua tsis tsim nyog hauv kev ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim.

Lub zog lossis kev vam meej ntawm koj daim ntawv thov mandamus yuav nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm koj daim ntawv thov thawj zaug, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm xav tau rau koj daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab lub tebchaws uas koj xa koj daim ntawv thov, txawm tias koj muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm qeeb, thiab thaum kawg , ntev npaum li cas koj tau tos txog qhov kev txiav txim siab.

Cov Cai rau Kev Tshaj Tawm Mandamus Order

Raws li peb tau hais, sau ntawv ntawm mandamus yog ib qho kev kho tshwj xeeb thiab yuav tsum tau siv los ua cov cuab yeej siv tau tsuas yog qhov uas tus neeg thov tau ntsib qhov kev ncua tsis tsim nyog thiab tau ua raws li cov qauv lossis kev sim kev cai lij choj tau teev tseg hauv Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tsev Hais Plaub txoj cai lij choj.

Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tsev Hais Plaub tau txheeb xyuas yim (8) preconditions los yog cov kev cai uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li tsab ntawv ntawm mandamus kom tau txais [Apotex v Canada (AG), 1993 CanLII 3004 (FCA); Sharafaldin v Canada (MCI), 2022 FC 768]:

• yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm raug cai rau pej xeem ua
• lub luag haujlwm yuav tsum tau them rau tus neeg thov
• yuav tsum muaj txoj cai meej rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawd
  • tus neeg thov tau txaus siab rau tag nrho cov xwm txheej ua ntej ua rau lub luag haujlwm;
  • muaj
    • ib qho kev thov ua ntej rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm
    • lub sijhawm tsim nyog ua raws li qhov xav tau
    • ib qho kev tsis lees paub tom qab, yog hais los yog qhia (piv txwv li ncua tsis tsim nyog)
• qhov twg lub luag hauj lwm nrhiav kom tau tswj yog txiav txim siab, siv qee cov ntsiab cai ntxiv;
• tsis muaj lwm yam kev kho mob txaus rau tus neeg thov;
• qhov kev txiav txim sought yuav muaj ib co tswv yim muaj nqis los yog nyhuv;
• tsis muaj qhov sib npaug rau kev nrhiav kev pab; thiab
• ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov yooj yim, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm mandamus yuav tsum tau muab.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias koj yuav tsum xub ua kom txaus siab rau txhua yam uas ua rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Hauv luv luv, yog tias koj daim ntawv thov tseem tos vim tias koj tsis tau xa tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv xav tau lossis thov cov ntaub ntawv los yog vim li cas yog qhov txhaum ntawm koj tus kheej, koj tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav kev sau ntawv ntawm mandamus.  

Tsis tsim nyog ncua

Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab seb koj puas tsim nyog los yog yuav tsum tau sau ntawv ntawm mandamus yog qhov ncua sij hawm ntev. Qhov ntev ntawm kev ncua yuav raug txiav txim siab raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm koj daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb raws li hom ntawv thov koj xa thiab qhov chaw koj tau thov los ntawm qhov chaw IRCC lub website. Thov nco ntsoov tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau muab los ntawm IRCC txuas ntxiv hloov pauv thiab tuaj yeem ua tsis raug lossis ua yuam kev, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog kev rov qab los.

Jurisprudence tau teeb tsa peb (3) cov kev cai uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li qhov ncua sij hawm kom suav tias tsis tsim nyog:

• qhov ncua sij hawm nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug tau ntev tshaj li qhov ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau; prima facie
• tus neeg thov lossis lawv cov lus ntuas tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm rau qhov ncua sijhawm; thiab
• lub luag haujlwm lub luag haujlwm rau qhov ncua sij hawm tsis tau muab qhov kev txiav txim siab txaus siab.

[Thomas v Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness), 2020 FC 164; Conille v Canada (MCI), [1992] 2 FC 33 (TD)]

Feem ntau, yog tias koj daim ntawv thov tseem tab tom ua tiav, lossis koj tau tos qhov kev txiav txim siab ntau dua ob zaug ntawm IRCC tus qauv kev pabcuam, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv kev nrhiav kev sau ntawv ntawm mandamus. Ntxiv mus, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm muab los ntawm IRCC tsis raug cai, lawv muab kev nkag siab dav dav lossis kev cia siab rau qhov yuav suav tias yog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm "tsim nyog". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txhua rooj plaub yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ntawm tus kheej, raws li qhov tseeb thiab tej yam tshwm sim thiab tsis muaj ib tug nyuaj thiab ceev teb rau dab tsi yog ib tug "tsis tsim nyog" ncua. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog seb daim ntawv sau ntawm mandamus puas yog rau koj, hu rau Pax Law Corporation rau kev sab laj los tham txog koj rooj plaub.

Sib npaug ntawm kev yooj yim

Thaum ntsuas qhov tsis tsim nyog ntawm qhov kev ncua sij hawm hauv nqe lus nug, Lub Tsev Hais Plaub yuav ntsuas qhov no tawm tsam txhua qhov xwm txheej hauv koj daim ntawv thov, xws li qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ncua ntawm tus neeg thov lossis yog tias qhov ncua sij hawm yog vim muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees lossis tau ua rau muaj kev txiav txim siab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum tus kab mob COVID-19 tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tsoomfwv cov haujlwm thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, Tsoomfwv Tsev Hais Plaub tau pom tias COVID-19 tsis cuam tshuam rau IRCC lub luag haujlwm thiab kev txiav txim siab [Almuhtadi v Canada (MCI), 2021 FC 712]. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus kab mob kis thoob qhov txhia chaw tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, tab sis tsoom fwv cov hauj lwm tau maj mam rov pib dua, thiab Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tsev Hais Plaub yuav tsis lees txais tus kab mob kis thoob qhov txhia chaw raws li kev piav qhia rau kev ncua tsis tsim nyog sawv cev ntawm IRCC.

Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho laj thawj rau kev ncua yog vim li cas kev ruaj ntseg. Piv txwv li, IRCC tej zaum yuav tau nug txog kev kuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb nrog lwm lub tebchaws. Txawm hais tias keeb kwm yav dhau thiab kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev kuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb yuav yog qhov tsim nyog thiab tseem ceeb raws li txoj cai tswjfwm thiab ua pov thawj kom ncua sijhawm ntev dua hauv kev ua vixaj lossis daim ntawv tso cai, yuav tsum muaj ib qho lus piav qhia ntxiv rau qhov uas Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm tso siab rau kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb kom pom tseeb qhov kev ncua. Hauv Abdolkhaleghi, Tus Honourable Madam Kev Ncaj Ncees Tremblay-Lamer tau ceeb toom tias daim pam nqe lus xws li kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb lossis kev kuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb tsis yog cov lus piav qhia txaus rau kev ncua tsis tsim nyog. Hauv luv luv, kev ruaj ntseg lossis kev kuaj keeb kwm yav dhau ib leeg yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.

Pib Tus Txheej Txheem - Phau Ntawv Kev Sib Tham Hnub no!

Peb yuav tsum hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom koj daim ntawv thov ua tiav thiab tsis muaj teeb meem pom tseeb ua ntej nrhiav kev sau ntawv ntawm mandamus.

Ntawm no ntawm Pax Law, peb lub koob npe nrov thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Peb tsuas yog ua nrog koj rooj plaub yog tias peb ntseeg tias muaj feem yuav muaj kev vam meej ua ntej Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Qib Siab. Txhawm rau pib cov txheej txheem mandamus raws sijhawm, peb thov kom koj tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv koj xa nrog koj daim ntawv thov nkag tebchaws thawj zaug, xyuas kom lawv tsis muaj qhov tsis raug lossis yuam kev, thiab xa tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv mus rau peb lub hoobkas.

Yog xav paub ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas Pax Txoj Cai tuaj yeem pab nrog koj daim ntawv thov mandamus lossis lwm yam teeb meem uas koj tuaj yeem ntsib thaum nkag tebchaws mus rau Canada, hu rau cov kws paub txog kev nkag tebchaws txoj cai ntawm peb lub hoobkas hnub no.

Thov nco ntsoov: Qhov blog no tsis yog txhais tau tias yuav muab qhia raws li kev cai lij choj. Yog tias koj xav hais lus nrog lossis ntsib nrog ib tus ntawm peb cov kws tshaj lij kev cai lij choj, thov hu rau kev sib tham no!

Txhawm rau nyeem ntau qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv Pax Law hauv Tsev Hais Plaub Hauv Tsev Hais Plaub, koj tuaj yeem ua li ntawd nrog Canadian Legal Information Institute los ntawm txhaj no.