Ngati muli ku Canada ndipo mwakana pempho lanu la othawa kwawo, ena options zitha kupezeka kwa inu. Komabe, palibe chitsimikizo kuti wopempha aliyense ali woyenera kuchita izi kapena adzachita bwino ngakhale ali oyenerera. Maloya odziwa zambiri za othawa kwawo komanso othawa kwawo atha kukuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wabwino wochotsa zomwe mwakana othawa kwawo.
Pamapeto pa tsiku, Canada imasamalira chitetezo cha anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndipo malamulo nthawi zambiri salola kuti Canada ibweze anthu kudziko lomwe moyo wawo uli pachiwopsezo kapena akhoza kuimbidwa mlandu.
Refugee Appeal Division ku Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada ("IRB"):
Munthu akalandira chigamulo cholakwika pa zomwe akufuna kuthawa, atha kuchita apilo mlandu wawo ku Refugee Appeal Division.
Bungwe la Refugee Appeal Division:
- Amapereka mwayi kwa ofunsira ambiri kuti atsimikizire kuti Refugee Protection Division inali yolakwika kapena lamulo kapena zonse ziwiri, ndi
- Amalola kuti umboni watsopano ukhazikitsidwe womwe sunapezeke panthawiyi.
Apiloyo ndi yozikidwa pamapepala ndikumvetsera nthawi zina zapadera, ndipo Governor in Council (GIC) ndi amene amachita izi.
Otsutsa olephera omwe sakuyenera kuchita apilo ku RAD akuphatikizapo magulu a anthu awa:
- omwe ali ndi zonena zopanda pake monga momwe IRB idagawira;
- omwe ali ndi zonena zopanda maziko odalirika monga momwe IRB idagawira;
- odandaula omwe ali ndi ufulu wosiyana ndi Safe Third Country Agreement;
- zodzinenera ku IRB pamaso dongosolo latsopano asylum ayambe kugwira ntchito ndi kumvetseranso kumvetsera kwa zonenazo chifukwa cha review ndi Federal Court;
- anthu omwe amafika ngati gawo lakufika kosakhazikika;
- anthu omwe adasiya kapena kusiya zopempha zawo zothaŵa kwawo;
- milandu yomwe Bungwe la Chitetezo cha Othawa kwawo ku IRB lalola kuti pempho la Nduna lichoke kapena kuleka chitetezo chawo;
- omwe ali ndi zodandaula zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zakanidwa chifukwa cholamula kuti adzipereke pansi pa Extradition Act; ndi
- omwe ali ndi zisankho pazofunsira za PRRA
Komabe, anthuwa akhozabe kupempha Khoti Lalikulu la Federal Court kuti liwunikenso pempho lawo lokana othawa kwawo.
Kuwunika Zowopsa Kusanachitike ("PRRA"):
Kuwunikaku ndi gawo lomwe boma liyenera kuchita munthu aliyense asanachotsedwe ku Canada. Cholinga cha PRRA ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu sakutumizidwa kudziko komwe akadakhala:
- Pachiopsezo cha kuzunzidwa;
- Pachiwopsezo cha kuzengedwa mlandu; ndi
- Pangozi yotaya miyoyo yawo kapena kuchitidwa nkhanza ndi zachilendo kapena chilango.
Kuyenerera kwa PRRA:
Ofisala waku Canada Border Services Agency ("CBSA") amauza anthu ngati ali oyenerera kutsata ndondomeko ya PRRA ntchito yochotsa itayamba. Ofisala wa CBSA amangoyang'ana kuyenerera kwa anthu pambuyo pochotsa. Wapolisiyo amafufuzanso kuti awone ngati nthawi yodikira kwa miyezi 12 ikugwira ntchito kwa munthuyo.
Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yodikira kwa miyezi 12 imagwira ntchito ngati:
- Munthuyo amasiya kapena kubweza ngongole yake ya othawa kwawo, kapena Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) ikukana.
- Munthuyo amasiya kapena kuchotsa ntchito ina ya PRRA, kapena Boma la Canada likukana.
- Khothi la Federal Court lakana kapena kukana kuyesa kwa munthu kuti apeze chigamulo cha othawa kwawo kapena chigamulo cha PRRA kuwunikiridwa.
Ngati nthawi yodikira ya miyezi 12 ikugwira ntchito, anthu sangakhale oyenerera kutumiza PRRA mpaka nthawi yodikira itatha.
Canada ili ndi mgwirizano wogawana zambiri ndi Australia, New Zealand, United States, ndi United Kingdom. Ngati munthu apempha othawa kwawo m'mayikowa, sangatumizidwe ku IRB koma angakhale oyenera kulandira PRRA.
Anthu sangathe kufunsira PRRA ngati:
- Anapanga chigamulo chosavomerezeka cha othawa kwawo chifukwa cha Safe Third Country Agreement - mgwirizano pakati pa Canada ndi US pomwe anthu sangathe kunena kuti ndi othawa kwawo kapena kupeza chitetezo chobwera ku Canada kuchokera ku US (pokhapokha ali ndi ubale ku Canada). Adzabwezedwa ku US
- Ndi othawa kwawo pamsonkhano m'dziko lina.
- Ndi munthu wotetezedwa ndipo ali ndi chitetezo cha othawa kwawo ku Canada.
- Ayenera kutumizidwa kunja..
Kodi Ikani:
Ofisala wa CBSA adzapereka ntchito ndi malangizo. Fomuyi iyenera kudzazidwa ndi kutumizidwa mu:
- Masiku 15, ngati fomuyo idaperekedwa mwa munthu
- Masiku a 22, ngati fomuyo idalandiridwa m'makalata
Pogwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi, anthu ayenera kukhala ndi kalata yofotokoza zoopsa zomwe angakumane nazo ngati atachoka ku Canada ndi zikalata kapena umboni wosonyeza kuopsa kwake.
Pambuyo Kugwiritsa Ntchito:
Zofunsira zikawunikidwa, nthawi zina pangakhale nthawi yomvetsera ngati:
- Nkhani yodalirika iyenera kuyankhidwa muzofunsira
- Chifukwa chokhacho chomwe munthu sakuyenera kuti atumizidwe ku IRB ndikuti adapempha chitetezo m'dziko lomwe Canada ili ndi mgwirizano wogawana zambiri.
Ngati ntchito ndi Adalandira, munthu amakhala munthu wotetezedwa ndipo atha kulembetsa kuti akhale nzika yokhazikika.
Ngati ntchito ndi anakanidwa, munthuyo ayenera kuchoka ku Canada. Ngati sakugwirizana ndi chigamulocho, angapemphe ku Khoti Lalikulu la Canada kuti liunikenso. Ayenerabe kuchoka ku Canada pokhapokha atapempha Khoti kuti liwaletse kuchotsedwa kwawo kwakanthawi.
Bwalo Lamilandu la Canada kuti Liwunikenso Mwachiweruzo:
Pansi pa malamulo a Canada, anthu akhoza kupempha Khoti Lalikulu la Canada kuti liunikenso zigamulo za anthu olowa m’dzikolo.
Pali masiku omaliza ofunikira kuti mulembetse Kuwunikanso kwa Judicial. Ngati IRB ikukana zonena za munthu, iyenera kufunsira ku Khothi Lalikulu mkati mwa masiku 15 kuchokera pa chigamulo cha IRB. Kuwunika koweruza kuli ndi magawo awiri:
- Chokani siteji
- siteji yakumva
Gawo 1: Chokani
Khoti likuwunikanso zikalata za mlanduwu. Wopemphayo ayenera kuyika zinthu ku khoti zosonyeza kuti chigamulo chosamukira kudziko lina chinali chosamveka, chosalungama, kapena ngati panali cholakwika. Ngati Khoti lipereka chilolezo, ndiye kuti chigamulocho chimawunikidwa mozama pakumvetsera.
Gawo 2: Kumva
Pakadali pano, wopemphayo atha kupezeka pamlandu wapakamwa pamaso pa Khothi kuti afotokoze chifukwa chomwe akukhulupirira kuti IRB idalakwitsa pa chigamulo chawo.
Kusankha:
Ngati Khoti lagamula kuti chigamulo cha IRB chinali chomveka potengera umboni womwe udalipo, chigamulocho chimatsimikiziridwa ndipo munthuyo ayenera kuchoka ku Canada.
Ngati Bwalo lagamula kuti chigamulo cha IRB sichinali chanzeru, lidzayimitsa chigamulocho ndikubwezera mlanduwo ku IRB kuti awunikenso. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti chisankhocho chidzasinthidwa.
Ngati mwafunsira ku Canada ngati othawa kwawo ndipo chigamulo chanu chakanidwa, ndi kwabwino kwa inu kuti mupitirizebe kuthandizidwa ndi maloya odziwa zambiri komanso odziwika bwino monga gulu la Pax Law Corporation kuti likuimirireni pa apilo yanu. A lawyer wodziwa zambiri thandizo akhoza kuonjezera mwayi wanu wochita apilo opambana.
Wolemba: Armaghan Aliabadi
Kuwunikira by: Amir Ghorbani & Alireza Haghjou
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