Kukhala Wothawa kwawo ku Canada: Kupanga Ntchito Yothawa kwawo

Canada ili m'gulu la mayiko apamwamba kwambiri omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu othandizira othawa kwawo padziko lonse lapansi. Othawa kwawo ku Canada amavomereza aliyense wofunafuna chitetezo omwe athawa m'dziko lawo chifukwa chakuphwanya kwambiri ufulu wa anthu, kapena omwe akulephera kubwerera kwawo ndipo akufunika chitetezo.

Canada kudzera ku Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada's (IRCC) yalandira othawa kwawo oposa 1,000,000 kuyambira 1980. Kumapeto kwa 2021, bungwe la Chiwerengero cha othawa kwawo ndi 14.74 peresenti ya anthu onse okhala ku Canada.

Mkhalidwe wa anthu othawa kwawo ku Canada

UNHCR imayika Canada ngati amodzi mwa mayiko omwe amakhala ndi anthu ambiri othawa kwawo padziko lonse lapansi. Patsogolo pa Tsiku la Othawa kwawo Padziko Lonse chaka chatha, Boma la Canada lidalengeza mapulani owonjezera kuvomerezedwa kwa othawa kwawo ndi mabanja awo ndikufulumizitsa pempho lawo loti akhale okhazikika.

Canada ndi yotseguka kuti ilandire othawa kwawo ambiri momwe dziko lingathere. Bungwe la IRCC latulutsanso chandamale chokonzedwanso cha anthu opitilira 431,000 osamukira kumayiko ena mu 2022. Ili ndi gawo la Mapulani aku Canada a 2022-2024 Immigration Levels, ndikukhazikitsa njira zowonjezerera zomwe anthu osamukira kudziko lina akufuna kuti athandize chuma cha Canada kuti chibwererenso ndikukulitsa kukula kwa mliri. Oposa theka la ovomerezeka onse omwe akukonzekera ali m'gulu la Economic Class lomwe limafotokoza njira yowonjezerera zomwe anthu osamukira kudziko lina akufuna kuti athandizire kuyambiranso kwachuma pambuyo pa mliri.

Kuyambira Ogasiti 2021, Canada yachita adalandira oposa 15,000 othawa kwawo ku Afghanistan malinga ndi ziwerengero za June 2022. Mu 2018, Canada idasankhidwanso kukhala dziko lomwe lili ndi anthu ambiri othawa kwawo padziko lonse lapansi.

Momwe mungapezere othawa kwawo ku Canada

Monga maiko ambiri, Canada imangolandira othawa kwawo potumiza. Simungalembetse kuti mukhale othawa kwawo mwachindunji ku Boma la Canada. Boma, kudzera mu IRCC, limafuna kuti wothawa kwawoyo atumizidwe ndi gulu lina akakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse kwa othawa kwawo.

Bungwe la United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) ndilo bungwe lodziwika bwino lotumizira anthu. Magulu ena othandizira anthu payekha, monga momwe tafotokozera pansipa, akhozanso kukutumizirani ku Canada. Othawa kwawo ayenera kukhala m'gulu limodzi mwa magulu awiri othawa kwawowa kuti atumizidwe.

1. Gulu la Othawa kwawo Kumayiko Ena

Anthu omwe ali m'kalasili ayenera kukwaniritsa zotsatirazi:

• Amakhala kunja kwa mayiko awo.
• Sangathe kubwerera ku mayiko awo chifukwa cha mantha a kuzunzidwa chifukwa cha mtundu, chipembedzo, maganizo a ndale, umembala wa gulu linalake la anthu, ndi zina zotero.

2. Dziko la Gulu la Asylum

Amene ali m’gulu la anthu othawa kwawowa ayenera kukwaniritsa zinthu izi:

• Amakhala kunja kwa dziko lakwawo kapena dziko limene amakhala.
• Ayeneranso kuti anakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni kapena kuphwanyiridwa kwa ufulu wa anthu.

Boma la Canada lidzalandiranso aliyense wothawa kwawo (pansi pa makalasi onse awiri), malinga ngati angakwanitse kudzisamalira yekha ndi mabanja awo. Komabe, mufunikabe kutumizidwa kuchokera ku UNHCR, bungwe lovomerezeka lotumizira anthu, kapena gulu lothandizira payekha.

Mapulogalamu a Chitetezo cha Othawa kwawo ku Canada

Dongosolo la othawa kwawo ku Canada limagwira ntchito m'njira ziwiri:

1. Dongosolo la Othawa kwawo ndi Othandiza Anthu Okhazikikako

The Refugee and Humanitarian Resettlement Programme imathandizira anthu omwe amafunikira chitetezo kuchokera kunja kwa Canada panthawi yofunsira. Malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la Canadian Refugee chitetezo limapereka, bungwe la United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) ndilo bungwe lokhalo lomwe lingathe kuzindikira anthu othawa kwawo oyenerera kuti akhazikitsidwe.

Canada ilinso ndi gulu laothandizira payekha mdziko lonselo omwe amaloledwa kubwezeretsanso othawa kwawo ku Canada mosalekeza. Amagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

Omwe ali ndi Mgwirizano wa Sponsorship

Awa ndi mabungwe achipembedzo, mafuko kapena anthu ammudzi omwe ali ndi mapangano osainira othandizira kuchokera ku Boma la Canada kuti athandizire othawa kwawo. Atha kuthandiza othawa kwawo mwachindunji kapena kuyanjana ndi anthu ena ammudzi.

Magulu a Asanu

Izi zimakhala ndi nzika zosachepera zisanu zaku Canada / okhalamo okhazikika omwe amavomereza kuthandizira ndikusamalira othawa kwawo mdera lawo. Magulu a Asanu amapatsa othawa kwawo dongosolo lokhazikika komanso thandizo la ndalama kwa chaka chimodzi.

Othandizira Magulu

Othandizira anthu ammudzi atha kukhala mabungwe kapena mabungwe omwe amathandizira othawa kwawo ndi mapulani othetsera mavuto ndi chithandizo chandalama mpaka chaka chimodzi.

Magulu awa a othandizira achinsinsi amatha kukumana ndi othawa kwawowa kudzera:

• The Blended Visa Office-Referred (BVOR) Programme - Pulogalamuyi imagwirizana ndi anthu othawa kwawo omwe UNHCR yazindikira ndi othandizira ku Canada.
• Anthu m’mipingo, m’madera akumidzi, m’magulu azikhalidwe, ndi zina zotero.

Pansi pa malamulo aku Canada, anthu onse othawa kwawo akuyenera kuyesedwa mokwanira pamilandu iliyonse kapena thanzi lawo mosasamala kanthu za omwe akuwathandiza kapena pulogalamu yokhazikitsiranso. Bungwe la IRCC likuyembekezeranso kuti anthu othawa kwawo omwe amabwera ku Canada adzakhala anthu opanda nyumba ndipo akhala m'misasa ya anthu othawa kwawo kwa zaka zambiri asanakhazikitsidwe.

Momwe Mungalembetsere Ntchito Yokhala Othawa kwawo Pansi pa Pulogalamu ya Canada Refugee and Humanitarian Resettlement Programme

Anthu omwe akufuna kukhala othawa kwawo atha kupeza phukusi lathunthu Tsamba la deta la IRCC. Maphukusi ofunsira ali ndi mafomu onse ofunikira ofunsira kukhazikika kwa anthu othawa kwawo pansi pa pulogalamuyi, monga:

1. Fomu yokhudzana ndi mbiri ya anthu othawa kwawo
2. Fomu ya Odalira Zowonjezera
3. Othawa kwawo Kunja kwa Canada fomu
4. Fomu yosonyeza ngati othawa kwawo adagwiritsa ntchito nthumwi

Ngati UNHCR kapena bungwe lina lotumiza anthu litatumiza othawa kwawo, IRCC yakunja idzawatsogolera momwe angalembetse ku ofesi yawo. Adzatumizira othawa kwawo kalata yotsimikizira pamodzi ndi nambala ya fayilo. Ngati pempho livomerezedwa, IRCC idzasankha komwe angakhazikitsenso othawa kwawo.

Kutumiza kulikonse kwa othawa kwawo ndi gulu lachinsinsi kudzafuna kuti gulu lomwe likuyang'anira ndikutumize ku IRCC. Ngati pempholo likuvomerezedwa, othawa kwawo adzakhazikikanso kudera limene wothandizira wawo akukhala.

Muzochitika zonsezi, IRCC ithandizana ndi ogwira nawo ntchito kukonza zoyendera ndi kukhazikika kwa othawa kwawo. Palibe malipiro omwe amalipidwa panthawi yonse yofunsira.

2. Pulogalamu ya Asylum ku Canada

Canada ilinso ndi In-Canada Asylum Programme ya anthu omwe amapanga madandaulo oteteza othawa kwawo kuchokera mdziko muno. Pulogalamuyi imagwira ntchito yopereka chitetezo kwa othawa kwawo omwe amawopa kuzunzidwa, kuzunzidwa kapena chilango chankhanza m'mayiko awo.

Dongosolo la othawa kwawo ku Canada Asylum ndi lokhwima, ndipo anthu ambiri amakanidwa zikhalidwe monga:

1. Kuweruzidwa m'mbuyomu chifukwa chamlandu waukulu
2. Kukana zomwe zanenedwa kale za othawa kwawo

A Canada Bungwe la Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) amasankha ngati munthu akwaniritsa kapena ayi zomwe zimayenera kupatsidwa mwayi wothawa kwawo pansi pa pulogalamu ya In-Canada Asylum.

Kufuna Kukhala Othawa kwawo ku Canada

Munthu akhoza kupempha othawa kwawo ku Canada kapena kunja kwa Canada m'njira zotsatirazi.

Kufunsira kwa Othawa kwawo kudzera pa Port of Entry

Boma la Canada limalola othawa kwawo kuti adziteteze akafika ku Canada pamadoko olowera ngati ma eyapoti, malire amtunda kapena madoko. Munthuyo adzafunsidwa kuti amalize kuyankhulana koyenerera ndi wogwira ntchito ku Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA).

Pempho 'loyenera' lidzatumizidwa ku Bungwe la Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB) kuti limve. Pempho la othawa kwawo likhoza kuletsedwa ngati:

1. Wopemphayo anali atapemphapo kale chikalata chothaŵa kwawo ku Canada
2. Wothaŵa kwawoyo anapalamula mlandu waukulu m’mbuyomu
3. Wothaŵa kwawoyo analoŵa ku Canada kudzera ku United States.

Othawa kwawo oyenerera amapatsidwa mafomu ndi ofisala wa CBSA kuti amalize panthawi yofunsa mafunso. Ofisala adzaperekanso Fomu Yofunsira Kufunsira (BOC), yomwe iyenera kuperekedwa kwa wachibale aliyense wothawa kwawo pasanathe masiku 15 chikalatacho chidatumizidwa.

Othawa kwawo omwe ali ndi madandaulo oyenerera ali oyenera:

1. Kufikira ku Canada Interim Federal Health Program ndi ntchito zina. Adzapatsidwa Chikalata Chofuna Chitetezo cha Othawathawa Kwawo chimodzimodzi.
2. Kalata Yotsimikizira Kutumiza imatsimikizira kuti zonenazo zatumizidwa ku IRB.

Kupanga zonena atafika ku Canada

Pempho loteteza othawa kwawo lomwe linaperekedwa atafika ku Canada limafuna kuti wopemphayo apereke fomu yonse, kuphatikizapo zolemba zonse zothandizira ndi Fomu ya BOC. Zopemphazo ziyenera kutumizidwa pa intaneti kudzera pa Refugee Protection Portal. Zofunikira pano ndi makope apakompyuta a zikalata ndi akaunti yapaintaneti kuti mupereke zomwe mukufuna

Othawa kwawo omwe sangathe kutumiza zodandaula zawo pa intaneti atafika ku Canada atha kupempha kuti apereke zomwezo pamapepala kuchokera mkati mwa Canada. Kapenanso, atha kugwira ntchito ndi nthumwi yochokera ku Canada kuti athandizire kumaliza ndikutumiza zomwe akufuna m'malo mwawo.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu wothawa kwawo akafike ku Canada thandizo lawo litavomerezedwa?

Zitha kutenga mpaka milungu 16 kuti wothawa kwawo afike ku Canada thandizo lawo la othawa kwawo litavomerezedwa. Magawo omwe amakhudzidwa musanayende ndi;

1. Sabata imodzi yokonza zofunsira zothandizira
2. Masabata asanu ndi atatu kuti othawa kwawo alandire ma visa awo komanso zilolezo zotuluka, kutengera komwe ali
3. Masabata atatu kapena asanu ndi limodzi kuti othawa kwawo alandire zikalata zawo zoyendera

Zinthu zina monga kusintha kosayembekezereka kwa zinthu m'dziko la othawa kwawo kungathenso kuchedwetsa ulendo wopita ku Canada.

malingaliro Final

Mapulogalamu aku Canada othawa kwawo amakhalabe amodzi mwabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa cha kufunitsitsa kwa dzikolo komanso mapulani okonzedwa bwino ovomera ofunafuna chitetezo. Boma la Canada limagwiranso ntchito limodzi ndi othandizana nawo ambiri komanso ogwira nawo ntchito kuti apereke chithandizo chokhazikika chomwe chimathandiza othawa kwawo kuti azolowere moyo ku Canada.

Resources

Khalaninso ku Canada ngati othawa kwawo
Kufunsira Monga Wothawa Pamsonkhano Wachigawo Kapena Wothandizira Anthu—Wotetezedwa Kumayiko Ena
Momwe dongosolo la othawa kwawo ku Canada limagwirira ntchito
Kodi ndingalembetse bwanji Asylum?
Kudzinenera chitetezo cha othawa kwawo - 1. Kupanga zonena

[/ et_pb_text] [/ et_pb_column] [/ et_pb_row] [/ et_pb_section]