Chilamulo cha Milandu
Kuwerenga Nthawi
KUWERENGA KWA MPHINDI 4
Tangoganizirani kuyenda mumsewu pamene apolisi mwadzidzidzi akukugwirani kapena kukumangani. Mu nthawi yovuta komanso yovutayi, kodi mukudziwa ufulu wanu wofunikira ngati apolisi aku Canada akukumangani kuti mudziteteze moyenera malinga ndi lamulo?
Malinga ndi malamulo a dziko la Canada, simudzakhala opanda chitetezo ku zochita zokakamiza apolisi. Tiyeni tiwonenso chitetezo chanu chalamulo pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo enieni komanso zigamulo za Khoti Lalikulu kuti zikutsogolereni mu dongosololi.
Ndime 9 ya Canada Charter of Ufulu ndi Ufulu akunena momveka bwino kuti aliyense ali ndi ufulu wosamangidwa kapena kumangidwa mwachisawawa. Apolisi ayenera kukhala ndi zifukwa zomveka bwino asanakuletseni ufulu wanu mwalamulo.
Apolisi akangoyimitsani, Gawo 10(a) la Charter limapereka udindo wokhazikika pa malamulo kuti akuuzeni zifukwa zake. Muli ndi ufulu wodziwa chifukwa chake mukumangidwa kuti muthe kuyankha moyenera ku kafukufuku amene akuchitika.
Mukamangidwa ndi apolisi aku Canada, Gawo 10(b) la Charter limayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimakupatsirani ufulu wofunikira wosunga ndi kuphunzitsa loya popanda kuchedwa. Apolisi ali ndi udindo wovomerezeka mwalamulo kukupatsani mwayi wopeza manambala a foni nthawi yomweyo kuti mupeze loya wogwira ntchito kapena thandizo laulere la loya.
Mpaka mutakambirana ndi loya woteteza milandu, muli ndi ufulu wokhala chete wozikidwa mu Gawo 7 la Charter. Simuli ndi udindo uliwonse wovomerezeka kuyankha mafunso a apolisi, kupereka ziganizo, kapena kupanga umboni wodzitsutsa nokha.
Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, mfundo yoyambira ya dongosolo la chilungamo cha milandu ku Canada imalimbikitsa kwambiri kumasulidwa kwanu nthawi yomweyo m'ndende. Mogwirizana ndi Gawo 493.1 la Code Criminal of Canada, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mfundo yoletsa, makhothi ayenera kuika patsogolo kumasulidwa koyamba.
Zigamulo zodziwika bwino za Khoti Lalikulu la Canada, monga R. V. Antic ndi R. v. Zora, akugogomezera mwamphamvu kuti ufulu wopanda malire ndiye udindo wosasinthika. Kuphatikiza apo, Gawo 493.2 limalamula kuti makhothi aziganizira makamaka za mikhalidwe yapadera ya anthu oimbidwa mlandu achikhalidwe kapena anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo panthawi yopereka belo.
Ngati apolisi asankha kusakumasulani nthawi yomweyo, ayenera kukubweretsani kwa woweruza milandu kapena woweruza milandu mkati mwa maola 24. Mlanduwu umadziwika kuti Show Cause kapena beil hearing, womwe umayendetsedwa motsatira Gawo 515 la Criminal Code, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale wovuta kwambiri atamangidwa ndi apolisi aku Canada.
Pa nthawi ya mlanduwu, woimira boma ali ndi udindo waukulu woweruza milandu kuti atsimikizire chifukwa chake kupitiriza kwanu kukhala m'ndende kuli koyenera. Malinga ndi Gawo 515(10), woimira boma akhoza kukana kumasulidwa kwanu potengera zifukwa zitatu zenizeni komanso zopapatiza zamalamulo:
Kuopsa kwa woimbidwa mlandu kuthawa ulamuliro kapena kulephera kupezeka pa masiku a khoti mtsogolo.
Chitetezo cha anthu, kuphatikizapo kuthekera kwakukulu kobwerezabwereza kapena kusokoneza chilungamo.
Kusunga chidaliro cha anthu onse pa kayendetsedwe ka chilungamo, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri kapena yachiwawa.
Chitetezo china chofunikira kwambiri cha malamulo chilipo malinga ndi Gawo 530 la Criminal Code pankhani yosankha chilankhulo chovomerezeka chomwe mungalankhulire. Khoti Lalikulu la Canada lomwe lagamula mu R. v. Tayo Tompouba akutsimikiziranso kuti makhothi ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mukumvetsa bwino chisankhochi.
Ngati woweruza milandu akukayikira ngakhale pang'ono kuti mukumvetsa bwino ufulu wanu wozengedwa mlandu mu Chingerezi kapena Chifalansa, milanduyo imasiya. Dongosolo la chilungamo limafuna kuti pakhale kumveka bwino kwa chilankhulo musanalole kuti mlandu uliwonse wokhudza nzika yoimbidwa mlandu upitirire.
Mukamalankhulana ndi apolisi, khalani chete, aulemu, komanso ogwirizana, koma khalani olimba mtima pankhani ya ufulu wanu wovomerezeka ndi malamulo. Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukufuna woimira milandu, funsani gulu la zamalamulo lodzipereka ku Malingaliro a kampani Pax Law Corporation nthawi yomweyo kuti apeze thandizo.
Muli ndi ufulu wodziwitsidwa mwachangu zifukwa zomwe mwatsekeredwa m'ndende motsatira Gawo 10(a) la Charter.
Ndi mlandu wokhudza bail womwe umachitika mkati mwa maola 24 pomwe Boma liyenera kuvomereza kuti mukusungidwa m'ndende.
Ayi, Gawo 7 la Charter limakupatsani ufulu wokhala chete, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simuyenera kuyankha mafunso.
Chidziwitso chomwe chaperekedwachi ndi cha cholinga chodziwitsa anthu komanso chophunzitsa okha ndipo sichingakhale cholondola. Chidziwitsochi sichilowa m'malo mwa kupeza upangiri wa zamalamulo kuchokera kwa loya wodziwa bwino ntchito. Ngati mukukumana ndi vuto la zamalamulo, muyenera kupanga nthawi yokumana ndi m'modzi mwa maloya athu ovomerezeka komanso ogwira ntchito.
Mukukumana ndi mlandu wokhudza kuukira kapena mukufuna kumvetsetsa bwino malamulo a milandu aku Canada? Dziwani zomwe zimayimira kuukira kosavuta motsatira Gawo 266 la Criminal Code of Canada, momwe Crown imasonyezera mphamvu kapena ziwopsezo zosavomerezedwa, komanso chitetezo chalamulo chomwe chimagwira ntchito.
Kukumana ndi mlandu wokhudza nkhanza zapakhomo wa Gawo 266 ku Canada kumayambitsa mavuto azamalamulo nthawi yomweyo—kuyambira kumvetsera milandu yokhudza belo mpaka mbiri yaupandu yokhazikika komanso mavuto okhudzana ndi kusamuka. Dziwani momwe zisankho zomaliza zimagwirira ntchito poyerekeza ndi zomwe zingachitike, zilango zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso momwe kutulutsidwa m'ndende kumakhudzira mbiri yanu.
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mwamangidwa ku Canada, mungaope kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Koma kodi kumangidwa kumayambitsa kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo? Dziwani momwe lamulo la anthu osamukira ku Canada limasiyanitsira kumangidwa ndi lamulo loti munthu achotsedwe.
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